What is the diagnosis and treatment for coccydynia (tailbone pain)?

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From the Research

Coccydynia should be initially managed with conservative treatments, including NSAIDs, physical therapy, and cushioning devices, with surgical intervention like coccygectomy considered only in severe cases that do not respond to conservative treatment for at least 6 months. The management of coccydynia involves a multidisciplinary approach, focusing on reducing pain and improving quality of life.

  • Initial treatment options include:
    • NSAIDs like ibuprofen (400-600mg three times daily) or naproxen (500mg twice daily) for pain relief
    • Cushioning devices specifically designed for coccyx pain when sitting
    • Physical therapy focusing on pelvic floor relaxation exercises and stretching
  • For persistent pain, local injections with a mixture of corticosteroids and local anesthetic around the coccyx may provide relief, as suggested by 1 and 2.
  • In severe cases, surgical intervention like coccygectomy might be considered, though this is rare, with Level III evidence supporting its use for chronic/refractory coccydynia, as noted in 3.
  • The pain typically worsens with sitting and improves with standing or lying down, which explains why cushioning devices are helpful in redistributing pressure away from the sensitive area.
  • Coccydynia often results from trauma like falls or childbirth, but can also be caused by repetitive strain or idiopathic factors.
  • High-level, comparative studies are lacking to guide the treatment of coccydynia, and should be a focus for future research studies, as highlighted in 3.

References

Research

Coccydynia.

Current reviews in musculoskeletal medicine, 2008

Research

A treatment and outcomes analysis of patients with coccydynia.

The spine journal : official journal of the North American Spine Society, 2004

Research

The interdisciplinary management of coccydynia: A narrative review.

PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitation, 2022

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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