From the Research
Sternoclavicular joint subluxation should be treated conservatively, with closed reduction under sedation for acute cases, followed by immobilization and pain management, as surgical stabilization is associated with a high incidence of serious complications, as noted in the study by 1. The treatment approach for sternoclavicular joint subluxation involves several key components, including:
- Closed reduction under sedation for acute cases
- Immobilization with a figure-of-eight bandage or sling for 4-6 weeks
- Pain management with NSAIDs, such as ibuprofen (400-600mg three times daily) or naproxen (500mg twice daily)
- Ice application for 15-20 minutes every 2-3 hours during the first 48-72 hours
- Physical therapy after the immobilization period, focusing on range of motion exercises and gradual strengthening
According to the study by 2, acute dislocations of the sternoclavicular joint are uncommon injuries, and current recommendations include early treatment with closed reduction. The study by 3 highlights the importance of prompt medical attention, as complications can include damage to nearby vascular structures, particularly with posterior dislocations. It is essential to note that surgical intervention may be necessary for chronic or recurrent subluxations, including ligament reconstruction or joint stabilization procedures, as mentioned in the study by 4. However, the study by 1 emphasizes that spontaneous sternoclavicular joint subluxations have a benign course and do not fare well after surgical repair, supporting the recommendation for conservative treatment. Overall, the goal of treatment is to optimize healing, minimize complications, and restore function, with most patients regaining full function within 6-12 weeks, as noted in the study by 5.