Is the belly button typically located within the T10 (thoracic 10) dermatoma?

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Last updated: January 30, 2026View editorial policy

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Umbilical Dermatome Location

Yes, the belly button (umbilicus) is typically located at the T10 dermatome level. This is a well-established anatomical landmark used clinically for sensory assessment and regional anesthesia planning.

Clinical Evidence for T10 Dermatome

  • The umbilicus consistently corresponds to the T10 dermatome, serving as a reliable anatomical landmark for sensory nerve distribution assessment 1
  • Research confirms that dermatomes T10-T12 are reliably blocked after subcostal transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block procedures, with T10 representing the umbilical level 1

Anatomical Basis

  • The umbilicus develops from the primitive umbilical ring during the fourth week of fetal life and becomes a fixed anatomical structure on the ventral abdominal wall 2
  • In young adults of normal body habitus, the umbilicus is positioned at approximately 0.7 cm above the iliac crest level, with consistent positioning across different populations 3
  • The umbilical region receives abundant sensory innervation including genital end-bulb-like structures, Merkel cells, Meissner and Ruffini corpuscles, and multiple free nerve endings 4

Clinical Applications

  • Regional anesthesia planning: The T10 landmark guides subcostal TAP blocks, which reliably anesthetize dermatomes T10-T12 bilaterally 1
  • Sensory examination: Testing sensation at the umbilicus assesses T10 nerve root function, distinct from other levels (T4 at nipple line, L1 at inguinal ligament) 1
  • Surgical planning: Understanding the T10 dermatome location is essential for abdominal procedures including abdominoplasty and umbilical hernia repairs 4, 3

Common Clinical Pitfall

  • Do not confuse the umbilicus location with adjacent dermatomes: T9 lies above the umbilicus at the epigastric region, while T11 extends below toward the suprapubic area 1

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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