Nipah Virus Infection Data is Not Available for the Specified Year
The provided evidence does not contain specific infection numbers for Nipah virus by region for any particular year, as your question requests. However, I can provide the most relevant epidemiological data available from the evidence.
Historical Outbreak Data
From 1998 to 2018, more than 630 cases of Nipah virus human infections were reported globally 1. This represents cumulative data across all documented outbreaks, not annual incidence figures.
Geographic Distribution of Cases
South and Southeast Asia Endemic Regions
- Bangladesh has experienced regular outbreaks since 2001, with 8 outbreaks reported through 2009, and continued outbreaks through 2015 2, 3
- India has documented multiple outbreaks:
- Malaysia had the initial outbreak in 1998-1999 with no subsequent cases after 1999 5, 3
- Singapore experienced cases during the Malaysia-Singapore outbreak 5
- Philippines has documented outbreaks 4
Critical Epidemiological Characteristics
- Case-fatality rate ranges from 40-75%, with a systematic review reporting 73.9% mortality and a mean case-fatality rate of 70% 6, 4
- Approximately 50% of recognized Nipah case patients in Bangladesh developed their disease following person-to-person transmission 2
- The secondary attack rate is approximately 50% among household contacts 7
Surveillance Limitations
The actual number of cases is likely underestimated due to limited diagnostic testing and surveillance capacity in endemic countries 6. Clinical presentation often mimics influenza with fever and muscle pain, making initial diagnosis challenging and delaying outbreak detection 1.