What is the management of malignant otitis externa in a patient with diabetes mellitus (DM)?

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From the Research

Management of Malignant Otitis Externa in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

The management of malignant otitis externa (MOE) in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) typically involves long-term broad-spectrum antibiotics 1. The goal of treatment is to control the infection and prevent complications, such as cranial nerve paralysis.

Medical Management

  • Long-term broad-spectrum antibiotics, typically antipseudomonal agents, are the mainstay of treatment 2, 3
  • Treatment duration is usually 4-8 weeks 2, 3
  • Control of diabetes is crucial in managing MOE 4, 5

Surgical Management

  • Surgical intervention may be necessary in some cases, such as those with poor facial nerve function at presentation 1
  • Procedures may include tympanomastoidectomy, external auditory canal debridement, and biopsy 1
  • However, surgical intervention does not appear to improve outcomes, such as length of stay, readmission rate, or overall mortality 1

Monitoring and Follow-up

  • Monitoring of therapy response is done through normalization of erythrocyte sedimentation rate, control of diabetes mellitus, and improvement of computed tomography and radioisotope scanning 4
  • Regular follow-up is necessary to prevent recurrence and manage potential complications 5, 2

Prognosis

  • MOE carries a grave prognosis, with a 5-year overall survival rate of 38% and disease-specific mortality of 14% 5
  • Presence of DM, facial nerve palsy, positive CT scan, and age above 70 are predictive of poor outcome 5

References

Research

Malignant otitis externa: What is the role of surgery?

Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology, 2024

Research

Malignant otitis externa.

The Journal of craniofacial surgery, 2012

Research

Malignant external otitis: Factors predicting patient outcomes.

American journal of otolaryngology, 2016

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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