From the Guidelines
The new PONS for managing communicable respiratory viral illnesses in OPWDD certified settings should prioritize early identification of symptoms, prompt response to worsening conditions, and evidence-based interventions to prevent transmission and ensure quality care.
Symptoms
Symptoms to monitor include fever, cough, sore throat, runny nose, congestion, shortness of breath, fatigue, muscle aches, headache, loss of taste or smell, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, as these are common presentations of respiratory viral illnesses 1.
Look for and CALL the RN on-call if any of the following are observed:
Staff should be vigilant for signs of worsening condition, including:
- Persistent fever above 100.4°F
- Worsening cough
- Increased respiratory rate
- Decreased oral intake
- Decreased urine output
- Lethargy
- New onset of confusion These observations necessitate immediate consultation with the RN on-call to guide further assessment and potential intervention, as recommended by guidelines for managing COVID-19 symptoms in the community 1.
Call 911 and notify the RN on-call if any of the following are observed:
More urgent situations that require immediate medical attention include:
- Difficulty breathing
- Persistent pain or pressure in the chest
- New confusion
- Inability to wake or stay awake
- Bluish lips or face
- Severe vomiting These signs indicate severe illness that may require emergency medical services and should prompt a call to 911 along with notification of the RN on-call.
Actions to take:
Implementing evidence-based nonpharmacological interventions is crucial for preventing the spread of respiratory viral infections. Actions to take include:
- Isolating the individual in their room when possible to reduce transmission risk
- Ensuring proper hand hygiene, as it is a strong recommendation for prevention of viral transmission 1
- Wearing appropriate PPE (masks, gloves, gowns as needed) in accordance with guidelines for healthcare settings 1
- Increasing environmental cleaning to reduce viral load in the environment
- Monitoring vital signs regularly to quickly identify any deterioration
- Encouraging fluid intake to prevent dehydration
- Administering prescribed medications for symptom relief, such as those recommended for cough and breathlessness management 1
- Documenting all observations and interventions for continuity of care
- Following the RN's guidance for testing and further care, including treatment escalation plans if necessary 1 These measures are designed to provide prompt medical attention while preventing the spread of respiratory infections among vulnerable populations in congregate care settings.