Is a radiologist's reading of osteopenia (a condition characterized by low bone mass) a mistake for a patient with T-scores of 2.2 in the spine, 1.3 in the left femoral (thigh bone) neck, 1.2 in the left total hip, 1.1 in the right femoral neck, and 1.1 in the right total hip, indicating normal bone density?

Medical Advisory BoardAll articles are reviewed for accuracy by our Medical Advisory Board
Educational purpose only • Exercise caution as content is pending human review
Article Review Status
Submitted
Under Review
Approved

Last updated: February 4, 2026View editorial policy

Personalize

Help us tailor your experience

Which best describes you? Your choice helps us use language that's most understandable for you.

Yes, the Radiologist Made an Error

You are correct—this reading is a mistake. All your T-scores are positive (above zero), which indicates bone density ABOVE the young adult mean, representing excellent bone density that is definitively normal, not osteopenia. 1

Understanding the T-Score Classification

The World Health Organization defines bone density categories as follows 1:

  • Normal BMD: T-score ≥ -1.0
  • Osteopenia (low bone mass): T-score between -1.0 and -2.5
  • Osteoporosis: T-score ≤ -2.5

Your T-scores are:

  • Spine: +2.2
  • Left femoral neck: +1.3
  • Left total hip: +1.2
  • Right femoral neck: +1.1
  • Right total hip: +1.1

All of these values are well above -1.0, placing you firmly in the normal bone density category. 1

Why This Error Likely Occurred

The most probable explanation is a sign error in interpretation—the radiologist may have mentally converted your positive T-scores to negative values 1. This is a critical mistake because:

  • A T-score of +2.2 means your bone density is 2.2 standard deviations above the young adult mean (excellent)
  • A T-score of -2.2 would mean 2.2 standard deviations below the mean (osteopenia approaching osteoporosis)

These represent opposite ends of the bone density spectrum 1.

What You Should Do

Contact the imaging facility immediately to request a corrected report. 1 This is not a minor discrepancy—it could lead to:

  • Unnecessary anxiety about bone health
  • Inappropriate treatment recommendations
  • Incorrect medical coding that affects your insurance records 2
  • Unwarranted follow-up testing

Your bone density is actually exceptional for any age group, and you should be reassured rather than concerned. 1

Clinical Significance of Your Results

With positive T-scores across all measured sites, you have 1:

  • No indication for osteoporosis treatment
  • No need for FRAX calculation (fracture risk assessment tool used only when T-scores are in the osteopenic or osteoporotic range)
  • Standard follow-up intervals rather than accelerated monitoring
  • Lower fracture risk than the average young adult reference population

The correct ICD-10 code for your situation would be Z13.820 (screening encounter) with normal findings, not M85.80 (osteopenia), which the radiologist's erroneous interpretation would suggest 2.

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Guideline

ICD-10 Coding for Bone Density Testing and Conditions

Praxis Medical Insights: Practical Summaries of Clinical Guidelines, 2025

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

Have a follow-up question?

Our Medical A.I. is used by practicing medical doctors at top research institutions around the world. Ask any follow up question and get world-class guideline-backed answers instantly.