What is the role of nitroglycerin (glyceryl trinitrate) in the treatment of high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE)?

Medical Advisory BoardAll articles are reviewed for accuracy by our Medical Advisory Board
Educational purpose only • Exercise caution as content is pending human review
Article Review Status
Submitted
Under Review
Approved

Last updated: February 15, 2025View editorial policy

Personalize

Help us tailor your experience

Which best describes you? Your choice helps us use language that's most understandable for you.

From the Research

Role of Nitroglycerin in HAPE Treatment

  • There is limited research directly addressing the role of nitroglycerin in the treatment of high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) 1.
  • However, studies have investigated the use of nitroglycerin in treating acute pulmonary edema, which shares some similarities with HAPE.
  • Nitroglycerin has been shown to be effective in reducing preload and afterload in patients with acute pulmonary edema, improving symptoms and outcomes 2, 3, 4, 5.

Mechanism of Action

  • Nitroglycerin causes vasodilation, which reduces pulmonary vascular resistance and decreases the amount of fluid leaking into the lungs 3, 5.
  • High-dose nitroglycerin has been shown to be effective in managing sympathetic crashing acute pulmonary edema, a condition characterized by severe hypertension and pulmonary edema 3.
  • The use of high-dose nitroglycerin has been associated with improved blood pressure control and reduced need for mechanical ventilation 4, 5.

Safety and Efficacy

  • The safety and efficacy of nitroglycerin in HAPE treatment are not well established, and its use at high altitudes has been discouraged due to potential risks 1.
  • However, in the context of acute pulmonary edema, high-dose nitroglycerin has been shown to be safe and effective, with minimal adverse events reported 2, 3, 4, 5.

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

Have a follow-up question?

Our Medical A.I. is used by practicing medical doctors at top research institutions around the world. Ask any follow up question and get world-class guideline-backed answers instantly.