What is the recommended dosage and frequency of Bactrim (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole) for Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) prophylaxis?

Medical Advisory BoardAll articles are reviewed for accuracy by our Medical Advisory Board
Educational purpose only • Exercise caution as content is pending human review
Article Review Status
Submitted
Under Review
Approved

Last updated: February 4, 2026View editorial policy

Personalize

Help us tailor your experience

Which best describes you? Your choice helps us use language that's most understandable for you.

Bactrim Dosage for PJP Prophylaxis

For PJP prophylaxis, the standard regimen is one double-strength tablet (800 mg sulfamethoxazole/160 mg trimethoprim) three times weekly, typically on Monday-Wednesday-Friday, or alternatively one double-strength tablet daily. 1, 2

Standard Prophylaxis Dosing Options

The FDA-approved and guideline-recommended regimens include:

  • One double-strength tablet (DS: 800/160 mg) three times weekly - This is the most commonly used regimen for prophylaxis 3, 1, 2
  • One double-strength tablet daily - Alternative daily dosing option 1, 2
  • For pediatric patients: 750 mg/m²/day sulfamethoxazole with 150 mg/m²/day trimethoprim given in equally divided doses twice daily on 3 consecutive days per week, not exceeding 1600 mg sulfamethoxazole and 320 mg trimethoprim total daily 2

Duration of Prophylaxis by Population

Solid organ transplant recipients (including liver transplant): Continue for 6-12 months post-transplant 3, 4

HIV patients: Continue until CD4+ count >200 cells/μL for at least 3 months 1, 5

Patients on chronic immunosuppression: Continue while receiving ≥20 mg prednisone daily (or equivalent) for ≥4 weeks, or while on triple immunosuppressive therapy 4, 5

Hematologic malignancy patients: Duration varies by specific condition - ALL patients require prophylaxis throughout anti-leukemic therapy, allogeneic stem cell transplant recipients for at least 6 months and while on immunosuppressive therapy 4

Alternative Regimens for Sulfa-Allergic Patients

If TMP-SMX cannot be used due to allergy or intolerance:

  • Dapsone 100 mg daily (requires G6PD testing before initiation) 1, 5
  • Atovaquone 1500 mg daily 1, 5
  • Aerosolized pentamidine 300 mg monthly via Respirgard II nebulizer 5

Critical Pitfalls to Avoid

Do not confuse prophylaxis dosing with treatment dosing - Treatment requires much higher doses (15-20 mg/kg/day of trimethoprim component divided every 6-8 hours), while prophylaxis uses the lower three-times-weekly or daily single-tablet regimen 4, 2

Check for drug interactions - TMP-SMX combined with methotrexate increases risk of severe cytopenia 4

Always check G6PD levels before using dapsone or primaquine alternatives to prevent life-threatening hemolysis 4, 5

Monitor for adverse effects including rash, cytopenias, and transaminase elevations, particularly with daily dosing 1

References

Guideline

PJP Prophylaxis Guidelines

Praxis Medical Insights: Practical Summaries of Clinical Guidelines, 2025

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Guideline

First-Line Treatment for Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia (PJP)

Praxis Medical Insights: Practical Summaries of Clinical Guidelines, 2026

Guideline

PJP Prophylaxis Regimens for Patients with Atovaquone and Sulfa Allergies

Praxis Medical Insights: Practical Summaries of Clinical Guidelines, 2025

Related Questions

What is the recommended dosing regimen for oral versus intravenous (IV) Bactrim (trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole) in a patient with Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP)?
Which statement is incorrect regarding Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia: increased serum Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH), visible cysts on chest radiograph as pneumatoceles, rare exercise desaturation, Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) as treatment of choice, or involvement of liver, spleen, and lymph nodes?
What dose of Bactrim (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole) should a 28-year-old HIV-positive female patient with a CD4 count of Severe Lymphocytopenia and no known drug allergies take as prophylaxis against Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP)?
What is the recommended first-line antibiotic regimen for the treatment of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP)?
What is the recommended dose of Bactrim (trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole) for Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) prophylaxis?
What post-cycle therapy (PCT) regimen can help a 5-year Testosterone Replacement Therapy (TRT) patient regain fertility and restore natural testosterone production?
What is the best course of treatment for a patient with an infected second-degree burn?
Can a patient with Myasthenia Gravis (MG) safely work in a cardiovascular job?
What are the recommended strategies to mitigate cardiovascular risks in a patient with multiple sclerosis (MS)?
Can a positive Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) test result contribute to the development of anemia?
Can a pregnant patient with a history of depression or anxiety take Effexor (venlafaxine), Wellbutrin (bupropion), or trazodone while pregnant?

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

Have a follow-up question?

Our Medical A.I. is used by practicing medical doctors at top research institutions around the world. Ask any follow up question and get world-class guideline-backed answers instantly.