Ichthammol (Ichthyol) for Skin Lesions
Ichthammol (also known as ammonium bituminosulfonate or "drawing salve") is a topical agent used to treat various skin lesions including insect bites, minor infections, splinters, and inflammatory skin conditions. 1
What is Ichthammol?
Ichthammol is a dark sulfonated shale oil of natural origin that functions as a drawing salve with multiple therapeutic properties 1:
- Anti-inflammatory effects through modulation of inflammation mediator formation, secretion, and activity 2
- Antibacterial and antimycotic (antifungal) actions confirmed in laboratory studies 2
- Drawing properties that help bring foreign material and infections to the surface 1
Clinical Applications
According to FDA labeling, ichthammol is indicated for 1:
- Insect bites and stings (mosquitoes, spiders, bees)
- Splinter and sliver removal through its drawing action
- Plant irritations (nettles, poison ivy)
- Minor skin infections such as ingrown toenails
- General skin irritations requiring soothing relief
Practical Use in Clinical Settings
Ichthammol is commonly incorporated into medicated wicks for treating conditions like acute otitis externa, where it reduces edema and pain when combined with glycerine 3. The cotton ichthammol glycerine wick formulation showed significant improvement in pain scores with faster recovery compared to synthetic alternatives 3.
Important Safety Considerations
- Phototoxicity potential exists, particularly with higher concentrations 4
- Early phototoxic reactions (erythema) can occur 4-6 hours after UV exposure when using 5-10% aqueous solutions 4
- Patients should avoid sun exposure to treated areas or use appropriate sun protection
- The substance is well-tolerated and approved for use in animals producing food for human consumption under European regulations 2