Correct Terminology for Bartholin's Gland Abscess
The correct terminology is "Bartholin's gland abscess" or "Bartholin gland abscess" (both are acceptable), NOT "Bartholin's duct abscess." This distinction is anatomically and clinically important because the abscess forms in the gland itself, not primarily in the duct 1, 2, 3.
Anatomical Clarification
The Bartholin's glands are located bilaterally at the posterior introitus at approximately the 4 and 8 o'clock positions of the vaginal opening 4, 3. When discussing pathology of this structure, the terminology should reflect the actual site of infection:
- Bartholin's duct cyst: Forms when the duct becomes obstructed, creating a fluid-filled cyst 3, 5
- Bartholin's gland abscess: Forms when the gland itself becomes infected, typically following duct obstruction that allows bacterial proliferation within the gland tissue 1, 2, 6
Why This Distinction Matters Clinically
The terminology directly impacts treatment decisions. A Bartholin's duct cyst (non-infected) may be managed expectantly if asymptomatic, while a Bartholin's gland abscess requires drainage 5. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists emphasizes that antibiotics alone will fail for large, fluctuant abscesses, and drainage is mandatory 1.
Proper Usage in Clinical Documentation
When documenting imaging findings or clinical reports, the term "Bartholin gland" should be used when describing cysts or inflammation, as noted in guidelines for perineal ultrasound reporting 7. The evidence consistently refers to "Bartholin's gland abscess" or "Bartholin gland abscess" in major clinical guidelines and research literature 1, 2, 3, 6, 5.
Common Pitfall to Avoid
Do not use "Bartholin's duct abscess" interchangeably with "Bartholin's gland abscess." While the duct obstruction may be the initiating event, the abscess collection forms within the gland parenchyma itself, making "gland abscess" the anatomically correct term 3, 6.