From the Guidelines
Calcium hyperproficiency is not a recognized medical condition or term in medical literature, and the term you may be looking for is hypercalcemia, which refers to abnormally high levels of calcium in the blood. Hypercalcemia occurs when calcium levels exceed 10.5 mg/dL (2.6 mmol/L) and can result from various conditions including hyperparathyroidism, certain cancers, excessive vitamin D intake, or specific medications. Symptoms may include fatigue, weakness, nausea, vomiting, increased urination, bone pain, and cognitive impairment. Treatment depends on the underlying cause and severity, ranging from increased fluid intake to medications like bisphosphonates, calcitonin, or loop diuretics. In severe cases, hospitalization may be necessary for intravenous fluids and medications. According to the most recent guidelines, in adult patients with CKD G3a to G5D, we suggest avoiding hypercalcemia 1. Additionally, bisphosphonates (such as i.v. pamidronate and zoledronic acid) may control hypercalcaemia and reverse delirium in a substantial number of cases 1. Calcium plays crucial roles in bone health, muscle contraction, nerve function, and blood clotting, so maintaining proper calcium balance is essential for normal physiological functioning. If you're concerned about calcium levels, it's essential to consult with a healthcare provider for proper evaluation and management. Some key points to consider include:
- Maintaining normal serum levels of corrected total calcium to prevent secondary hyperparathyroidism and adverse effects on bone mineralization 1
- Avoiding high calcium intake to prevent hypercalcemia and/or soft-tissue calcification 1
- Using a dialysate calcium concentration between 1.25 and 1.50 mmol/L (2.5 and 3.0 mEq/L) in patients with CKD G5D 1
- Monitoring calcium levels and starting calcium and vitamin D supplements if necessary after denosumab treatment 1
From the Research
Definition of Hypercalcemia
- Hypercalcemia is defined by a serum calcium concentration >10.5 mg/dL 2
- It is classified into mild, moderate, and severe, depending on calcium values 2
Causes of Hypercalcemia
- Most cases are caused by primary hyperparathyroidism and malignancies 2
- Various mechanisms are involved in the pathophysiology of hypercalcemia, such as excessive PTH production, production of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrp), bone metastasis, extrarenal activation of vitamin D, and ectopic PTH secretion 2
Treatment of Hypercalcemia
- Initial treatment involves vigorous intravenous hydration and drugs to reduce bone resorption such as bisphosphonates and, more recently, denosumab, in refractory cases 2
- Corticosteroids and calcitonin can be used in specific cases 2
- Denosumab has been shown to be effective in reducing serum calcium levels in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) 3, 4, 5, 6
Use of Denosumab in Hypercalcemia
- Denosumab can be used as a bridge to surgery in patients with severe hypercalcemia due to PHPT 3
- It has been shown to be efficacious and safe in patients when immediate surgical management is not feasible due to severe systemic illness 3, 4
- A single 60 mg dose of denosumab can effectively reduce serum calcium levels in PHPT patients with moderate/severe hypercalcemia, at least maintaining efficacy for a median of nearly 3 weeks without serious adverse events 5
- Denosumab has a potential clinical value in treating hypercalcemia in patients with PHPT, with a median reduction of 0.5 mmol/l within 3 days and significant reduction maintained for 14 days 6
Calcium Hyperproficiency
- There is no direct reference to "calcium hyperproficiency" in the provided studies, suggesting that this term may not be a recognized medical condition or may be referred to by a different name in the medical literature.