What is the significance of worsening leukocytosis in a sepsis patient on antibiotics?

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Last updated: February 15, 2025 • View editorial policy

From the Research

Significance of Worsening Leukocytosis

  • Worsening leukocytosis in a sepsis patient on antibiotics can be an indicator of a poor prognosis, as it may suggest that the infection is not being adequately controlled by the antibiotics 1.
  • Leukocytosis, defined as a white blood cell (WBC) count of ≥ 100,000/µL, can be a sign of a severe infection, and its persistence or worsening despite antibiotic treatment can indicate a high risk of complications, such as septic shock or organ failure 2.
  • In patients with sepsis, leukocytosis can be a marker of the body's inflammatory response, and its severity can correlate with the severity of the infection 3.
  • However, it is also important to note that leukocytosis can be caused by other factors, such as tissue damage or other non-infectious conditions, and therefore, its presence alone is not always a reliable indicator of infection 3, 4.

Clinical Implications

  • The presence of worsening leukocytosis in a sepsis patient on antibiotics should prompt a re-evaluation of the patient's treatment plan, including the possibility of changing or broadening the antibiotic coverage 5, 4.
  • Clinicians should also consider other potential causes of leukocytosis, such as tissue damage or other non-infectious conditions, and adjust the treatment plan accordingly 3, 4.
  • The use of broad-spectrum antibiotics should be carefully considered, as it can lead to the development of antibiotic-resistant organisms and other complications, such as Clostridium difficile enteritis 3.

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.