From the Guidelines
The medical term for when the sympathetic nervous system predominates is "sympathetic dominance" or "sympathetic hyperactivity". This condition occurs when there is an overactivation of the sympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system, which is responsible for the "fight-or-flight" response. When sympathetic dominance occurs, the body experiences increased heart rate, elevated blood pressure, dilated pupils, increased sweating, and decreased digestive activity. This physiological state can be triggered by stress, anxiety, certain medications, or underlying medical conditions such as pheochromocytoma or hyperthyroidism. Prolonged sympathetic dominance can contribute to various health issues including hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and anxiety disorders.
Key Points
- Sympathetic dominance is characterized by an overactivation of the sympathetic nervous system, leading to increased heart rate, blood pressure, and other physiological changes 1.
- This condition can be triggered by stress, anxiety, or underlying medical conditions, and can contribute to various health issues if left untreated 1.
- Treatment typically involves addressing the underlying cause, which may include stress management techniques, medications like beta-blockers to reduce sympathetic effects, or treating primary medical conditions.
Importance of Autonomic Balance
The balance between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems (known as autonomic balance) is crucial for maintaining homeostasis and overall health. Maintaining a healthy balance between these two systems is essential for preventing various health issues, including hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and anxiety disorders 1.
Diagnosis and Treatment
Diagnosis of sympathetic dominance typically involves assessing heart rate variability (HRV) and other physiological markers. Treatment should focus on addressing the underlying cause of sympathetic dominance, which may include stress management techniques, medications, or treating primary medical conditions 1.
From the Research
Sympathetic Nervous System Dominance
The medical term for when the sympathetic nervous system predominates is often referred to as sympathetic overactivity or sympathoneural hypertonicity 2, 3, 4. This condition is characterized by an increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system, which can lead to various health issues, including hypertension, heart failure, and cardiovascular disease.
Key Factors and Conditions
Some key factors and conditions associated with sympathetic nervous system dominance include:
- Hypertension and associated hypertension-mediated organ damage 2
- Heart failure (with or without reduced left ventricular ejection fraction) 2
- Obesity, metabolic syndrome, chronic kidney disease, and obstructive sleep apnea 2
- Essential hypertension and resistant hypertension 3, 5
- Ischemic heart disease and sudden cardiac death 4
Therapeutic Interventions
Therapeutic interventions that target the sympathetic nervous system include: