What is the diagnosis for a 29-year-old female with a history of Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) repair, presenting with right medial knee pain, swelling, and limited range of motion after a traumatic injury, with radiographic evidence of moderate osteoarthritis in the medial compartment and a suprapatellar joint effusion?

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Differential Diagnosis for 29-year-old Female with Knee Pain and Swelling

  • Single most likely diagnosis:
    • Meniscal tear: Given the patient's history of ACL repair and recent trauma from playing soccer, a meniscal tear is a common complication, especially with rough play. The symptoms of medial knee pain, swelling, and limited range of motion are consistent with this diagnosis.
  • Other Likely diagnoses:
    • Ligament sprain: Although the patient does not recall twisting her knee, the rough play could have caused a ligament sprain, which would explain the pain, swelling, and limited mobility.
    • Osteoarthritis flare-up: The patient has moderate osteoarthritis in the medial compartment of the knee, and the recent trauma could have triggered a flare-up, exacerbating her symptoms.
    • Contusion or bruising: A direct blow to the knee during rough play could have caused a contusion or bruising, leading to pain, swelling, and limited mobility.
  • Do Not Miss diagnoses:
    • Septic arthritis: Although the patient denies fever, chills, or fatigue, septic arthritis is a potentially life-threatening condition that requires prompt diagnosis and treatment. The presence of a suprapatellar joint effusion increases the suspicion for this condition.
    • Osteonecrosis: The patient's history of ACL repair and recent trauma increases the risk of osteonecrosis, which can be a devastating condition if left untreated.
  • Rare diagnoses:
    • Stress fracture: Although less likely, a stress fracture could occur, especially if the patient has a history of overuse or repetitive stress on the knee.
    • Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS): This rare condition is characterized by inflammation and overgrowth of the synovial tissue, which could cause pain, swelling, and limited mobility. However, it is a less common condition and would require further evaluation to diagnose.

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This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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