From the Research
Mesenteric adenitis is a self-limiting condition that can be effectively managed with supportive care, including hydration and pain medication, without the need for surgical intervention. The diagnosis of mesenteric adenitis is typically made through ultrasonography, which reveals 3 or more mesenteric lymph nodes with a short-axis diameter of 8 mm or more without any identifiable underlying inflammatory process 1. The condition often presents with symptoms such as right lower quadrant abdominal pain, fever, and sometimes nausea or vomiting, which can mimic appendicitis or intussusception.
Key aspects of management include:
- Supportive care with hydration and pain medication
- Reassurance of patients and families regarding the condition's self-limiting nature and complete recovery within 2-4 weeks
- Use of ultrasonography as the mainstay of diagnosis
- Limited usefulness of white blood count and C-reactive protein in distinguishing between patients with and without mesenteric lymphadenitis 1
It is essential to note that most cases of mesenteric adenitis resolve spontaneously within 1-4 weeks without specific intervention. Patients should maintain good hydration by drinking clear fluids and follow a bland diet during acute symptoms. A heating pad may provide additional comfort. Medical attention should be sought if symptoms worsen, persist beyond 2-3 days, or if severe pain, persistent vomiting, or high fever develops. The condition is typically caused by viral infections, though sometimes bacterial infections may be responsible, and antibiotics are generally not necessary unless a bacterial cause is suspected or confirmed.