What is Sensory Modulation Disorder (SMD)?

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Last updated: April 22, 2025View editorial policy

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From the Research

Sensory modulation disorder should be treated with occupational therapy and a sensory integration approach, as it has been shown to be effective in improving daily functioning and quality of life. This disorder is a neurological condition where the brain has difficulty processing and responding appropriately to sensory information from the environment. It is characterized by over-responsivity (heightened sensitivity), under-responsivity (reduced sensitivity), or sensory seeking behaviors in response to stimuli like touch, sound, taste, smell, or movement.

Some key points to consider in the treatment of sensory modulation disorder include:

  • Occupational therapy with a sensory integration approach is the primary treatment method, as it helps individuals develop coping strategies and self-regulation skills to better navigate their sensory experiences 1.
  • Personalized sensory diets—structured activities that provide appropriate sensory input throughout the day—can be effective in managing symptoms, and may include deep pressure activities, vestibular input through swinging or spinning, or proprioceptive activities like jumping or pushing heavy objects.
  • Environmental modifications are also crucial, such as reducing overwhelming stimuli, providing noise-canceling headphones, or creating sensory-friendly spaces.
  • While no medications specifically treat sensory modulation disorder, some symptoms may be managed with medications that address anxiety or attention issues if they co-occur.
  • Early intervention is important, as it can help individuals develop coping strategies and self-regulation skills to better navigate their sensory experiences and improve daily functioning, especially in children with autism spectrum disorders 2.

It's worth noting that the concept of sensory modulation has evolved over time, and a contemporary definition for occupational therapy practice has been proposed, which considers sensory modulation as a twofold process that originates in the central nervous system as the neurological ability to regulate and process sensory stimuli, and subsequently offers the individual an opportunity to respond behaviorally to the stimulus 1.

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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