From the Research
Pseudomonas aeruginosa respiratory infections are typically acquired through inhalation of the bacteria from contaminated sources, such as healthcare settings, contaminated water, or respiratory equipment. This opportunistic pathogen commonly infects individuals with compromised immune systems or underlying respiratory conditions, including cystic fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), or bronchiectasis 1. The bacteria can be transmitted through:
- Contaminated respiratory equipment, nebulizers, humidifiers, or ventilators in healthcare settings
- Direct contact with contaminated water sources, as P. aeruginosa thrives in moist environments, including sinks, showers, and hot tubs
- Hospital-acquired infections are common, particularly in intensive care units where patients may be intubated or have invasive procedures The bacteria can colonize the respiratory tract without causing symptoms initially, but may progress to infection when the host's defenses are weakened. People with prolonged antibiotic use may also be at higher risk due to disruption of normal protective bacterial flora 2. Prevention strategies include:
- Proper hand hygiene
- Regular cleaning and disinfection of respiratory equipment
- Avoiding exposure to potentially contaminated water sources, especially for vulnerable individuals It is essential to note that the management of P. aeruginosa infections is challenging due to the limited choices of antibiotics and the emergent resistance of the pathogen 2. Therefore, it is crucial to prioritize prevention and proper infection control measures to reduce the risk of acquiring P. aeruginosa respiratory infections.