What is the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) code for vertigo (dizziness)?

From the Research

The ICD-10 code for dizziness is R42, which is used to document symptoms of dizziness and giddiness in medical records. This code falls under the category of symptoms and signs involving the nervous system and is commonly used when a patient presents with sensations of lightheadedness, unsteadiness, or a feeling that the room is spinning. When documenting dizziness, healthcare providers should also consider more specific codes if the underlying cause is known, such as H81.10 for benign paroxysmal vertigo, H81.0 for Ménière's disease, or I95.1 for orthostatic hypotension, as suggested by recent studies 1, 2.

Key Considerations for Coding Dizziness

• The R42 code is primarily used when the cause of dizziness remains unspecified after initial evaluation, and may be replaced with a more specific diagnosis code once the underlying condition is identified through further testing or specialist consultation.
• It's essential to document any associated symptoms like nausea, vomiting, hearing loss, or tinnitus, as these can help determine the underlying cause and may require additional coding, as noted in studies on benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) 3, 4.
• Recent advances in the diagnosis and management of BPPV, including the use of web-based technology and artificial intelligence, as well as the evidence supporting the use of vitamin D supplements for patients with BPPV and subnormal serum vitamin D, should be considered in the management of dizziness 4.

Best Practices for Managing Dizziness

• The most efficient management of BPPV is to perform a bedside test (Dix-Hallpike test) and then to treat the patients with a bedside positional (the Epley) maneuver, as this approach reduces resource utilization, ED length of stay, and use of ineffective medications 1.
• Understanding the pathophysiology of both canalithiasis and cupulolithiasis has allowed for the development of various repositioning techniques, with the particle repositioning maneuver being an effective way to treat posterior canal BPPV, the most common variant 2.