Does ceftaroline fosamil provide coverage against Gram‑positive bacteria?

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Does Ceftaroline Fosamil Cover Gram-Positive Bacteria?

Yes, ceftaroline fosamil exhibits broad-spectrum activity against Gram-positive bacteria, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA), multidrug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae, and other streptococci. 1, 2

Spectrum of Gram-Positive Coverage

Ceftaroline is the only cephalosporin with reliable activity against MRSA, earning its designation as a fifth-generation or "advanced-generation" cephalosporin. 2 Its bactericidal action against Gram-positive organisms is mediated through high-affinity binding to essential penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), specifically PBP2a in S. aureus and PBP2x in S. pneumoniae. 3, 4

FDA-Approved Gram-Positive Coverage

The FDA label confirms ceftaroline's activity against the following Gram-positive bacteria in clinical infections: 3

  • Staphylococcus aureus (both methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant isolates) 3
  • Streptococcus pyogenes 3
  • Streptococcus agalactiae 3
  • Streptococcus pneumoniae (including penicillin- and ceftriaxone-resistant strains) 3, 5
  • Streptococcus dysgalactiae (≥90% susceptible in vitro) 3

Clinical Efficacy Data

In Phase III trials for community-acquired bacterial pneumonia, ceftaroline demonstrated by-pathogen microbiological response rates of 87.3% for S. pneumoniae and 76.0% for S. aureus. 6 Against β-hemolytic streptococci, ceftaroline showed greater activity (MIC₉₀ 0.015 μg/mL) than penicillin (MIC₉₀ 0.06 μg/mL). 7

Critical Coverage Gap: Enterococcus

A major caveat is that ceftaroline has poor activity against enterococcus species and should not be used empirically for vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (VRE) infections. 1 This represents a significant limitation in its Gram-positive coverage, as enterococci are common Gram-positive pathogens in healthcare-associated infections. 1

Clinical Positioning

The Infectious Diseases Society of America lists ceftaroline as an option for MRSA skin and soft tissue infections alongside vancomycin, linezolid, and daptomycin. 2 However, ceftaroline occupies niche roles rather than first-line empiric therapy, including culture-directed treatment of documented MRSA infections when vancomycin alternatives are needed. 2

Standard Dosing

  • Adults: 600 mg IV every 12 hours 2, 3
  • Pediatrics: 10 mg/kg/dose IV every 8 hours (maximum 600 mg/dose) 2

Resistance Considerations

Ceftaroline is not active against Gram-negative bacteria producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs), serine carbapenemases (such as KPC), class B metallo-beta-lactamases, or class C (AmpC) cephalosporinases. 3 Development of resistance to ceftaroline occurs rarely in Gram-positive bacteria. 4

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Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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