What are the steps of the procedure for a hysteroscopy and dilation and curettage (D&C)?

Medical Advisory BoardAll articles are reviewed for accuracy by our Medical Advisory Board
Educational purpose only • Exercise caution as content is pending human review
Article Review Status
Submitted
Under Review
Approved

Last updated: April 23, 2025View editorial policy

Personalize

Help us tailor your experience

Which best describes you? Your choice helps us use language that's most understandable for you.

From the Guidelines

When explaining the steps of a hysteroscopy with dilation and curettage (D&C) procedure to a patient, it is essential to prioritize their understanding and comfort, ensuring they are well-informed about the process and what to expect, as this directly impacts their quality of life and reduces anxiety related to the procedure.

Key Steps in the Procedure

  • The procedure begins with the administration of anesthesia, typically general anesthesia or conscious sedation, to ensure the patient does not feel pain during the procedure 1.
  • The cervix is then dilated (opened) using graduated dilators, allowing for the insertion of the hysteroscope, a thin, lighted scope that enables the examination of the inside of the uterus.
  • A sterile fluid is used to expand the uterine cavity, providing better visualization of the area.
  • The doctor examines the uterine cavity for abnormalities such as polyps, fibroids, or abnormal tissue, and if any are found, small surgical instruments can be passed through the hysteroscope to remove them.
  • Following the hysteroscopy, the D&C portion of the procedure involves using a curette (a spoon-shaped instrument) to gently scrape the uterine lining and collect tissue samples for laboratory examination, as supported by guidelines for the management of abnormal uterine bleeding associated with ovulatory dysfunction 1.

Post-Procedure Care

  • Patients may experience mild cramping, light bleeding, and shoulder pain from the gas used during the procedure.
  • Recovery typically takes 1-2 days, though light bleeding may continue for up to a week.
  • It is crucial to advise patients to avoid tampons, douching, and sexual intercourse for about two weeks following the procedure to prevent infection while healing, emphasizing the importance of post-procedure care in minimizing morbidity and ensuring a smooth recovery. By explaining these steps clearly and emphasizing the importance of post-procedure care, healthcare providers can help patients understand what to expect and how to manage their recovery, ultimately improving their quality of life and reducing potential complications.

From the Research

Explanation of Hysteroscopy D&D Procedure to Patients

  • Hysteroscopy is a procedure that allows a doctor to look inside the uterus using a special scope called a hysteroscope 2.
  • The procedure can be used for diagnostic purposes, such as to investigate abnormal uterine bleeding, or for operative purposes, such as to remove polyps or fibroids 3.
  • The procedure typically involves the insertion of the hysteroscope through the cervix and into the uterus, where the doctor can visualize the uterine cavity and perform any necessary procedures 4.

Steps of the Procedure

  • The patient will typically be given local anesthesia to numb the cervix and uterus, such as paracervical or intracervical injections 5.
  • The patient may also be given sedation to help them relax during the procedure 6.
  • The hysteroscope will be inserted through the cervix and into the uterus, and the doctor will visualize the uterine cavity using a camera attached to the scope.
  • If the procedure is operative, the doctor will use special instruments to perform the necessary procedures, such as removing polyps or fibroids.
  • The procedure is typically performed on an outpatient basis, and the patient can usually go home the same day 3.

Potential Risks and Complications

  • As with any medical procedure, there are potential risks and complications associated with hysteroscopy, such as fluid overload, hyponatremia, and uterine perforation 3.
  • The patient should be carefully monitored during and after the procedure to minimize the risk of complications 2.
  • The patient should also be informed about the potential risks and complications, and should ask any questions they may have before the procedure 4.

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Research

Anesthesia for hysteroscopy.

Anesthesiology clinics of North America, 2001

Research

Anaesthetic considerations for hysteroscopic surgery.

Best practice & research. Clinical anaesthesiology, 2002

Research

Use of local anesthesia for office diagnostic and operative hysteroscopy.

Journal of minimally invasive gynecology, 2010

Research

Local Anesthesia Combined With Sedation Compared With General Anesthesia for Ambulatory Operative Hysteroscopy: A Randomized Study.

Journal of perianesthesia nursing : official journal of the American Society of PeriAnesthesia Nurses, 2016

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

Have a follow-up question?

Our Medical A.I. is used by practicing medical doctors at top research institutions around the world. Ask any follow up question and get world-class guideline-backed answers instantly.