What medication should I start for patterned hair loss on the scalp?

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Last updated: February 17, 2026View editorial policy

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Treatment for Patterned Hair Loss

Start with topical minoxidil 5% applied 1 mL twice daily to the scalp, which is the FDA-approved first-line treatment for androgenetic alopecia. 1, 2, 3

Initial Treatment Approach

  • Apply minoxidil 5% topical solution directly to the scalp twice daily (morning and evening), ensuring the medication reaches the scalp surface rather than just coating the hair. 1, 3

  • Expect to wait 4-6 months before seeing visible results, as hair grows only 1/2 to 1 inch per month; some patients may notice improvement as early as 2 months. 3, 1

  • Do not be alarmed if hair loss temporarily increases during the first 2 weeks of treatment—this represents shedding of old hairs to make way for new growth. 3

Combination Therapy for Superior Results

The most effective evidence-based approach combines minoxidil 5% with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections, which increases hair density by 1.74 times and hair diameter by 14.3 times compared to minoxidil alone. 4, 1, 2

PRP Treatment Protocol

  • Receive PRP injections every 3-6 months (typically 3 sessions spaced 1 month apart initially, then maintenance every 3-6 months) while continuing daily minoxidil application. 4, 2

  • PRP combined with minoxidil is significantly more effective than either treatment alone and represents the best therapeutic option for androgenetic alopecia. 4, 1, 2

  • Be aware that PRP injections cause more pain than topical minoxidil, though the superior results may justify the discomfort. 4

Alternative Option: Oral Minoxidil

If you cannot tolerate or comply with twice-daily topical application, consider oral minoxidil 1 mg daily, which is as effective as topical 5% minoxidil. 2, 5, 6

Important Cardiovascular Screening Required

  • Before starting oral minoxidil, you must undergo cardiovascular screening including assessment for orthostatic symptoms, edema, tachycardia, and pre-existing heart conditions. 2

  • Oral minoxidil is contraindicated if you have cardiovascular disease, and monitoring for rare but serious effects like pericardial effusion is necessary. 2

Critical Treatment Principles

  • Continue treatment indefinitely—all hair regrowth will be lost within months after stopping, as no treatment alters the underlying course of androgenetic alopecia. 2

  • Early intervention is crucial; recent and limited hair loss responds much better than extensive and prolonged cases. 1

  • Minoxidil works best for hair loss on the vertex (top/crown) of the scalp, not for frontal baldness or receding hairline. 3

What NOT to Expect

  • Do not expect to regrow all lost hair—the amount of regrowth varies significantly between individuals, and some men may not respond at all. 3

  • If you see no improvement after 4 months of consistent twice-daily use, stop treatment as you are likely a non-responder. 3

  • Initial regrowth will appear as soft, downy, colorless "peach fuzz" hairs before potentially developing into terminal hairs. 3

Common Pitfalls to Avoid

  • Ensure the medication reaches your scalp, not just your hair—this is the most common reason for treatment failure. 3

  • Do not skip applications; inconsistent use dramatically reduces effectiveness. 1, 3

  • Do not give up before 4-6 months; premature discontinuation prevents you from seeing potential results. 3, 1

References

Guideline

Treatment of Hair Loss and Growth

Praxis Medical Insights: Practical Summaries of Clinical Guidelines, 2025

Guideline

Androgenetic Alopecia Treatment Guidelines

Praxis Medical Insights: Practical Summaries of Clinical Guidelines, 2026

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Research

Minoxidil: a comprehensive review.

The Journal of dermatological treatment, 2022

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Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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