Is neomycin (an aminoglycoside antibiotic) safe to use in a patient with a known allergy to levofloxacin (a fluoroquinolone antibiotic)?

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Last updated: April 23, 2025View editorial policy

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From the Guidelines

It is generally safe to use neomycin in patients with a levofloxacin allergy, as cross-reactivity between aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones is extremely rare. These medications belong to different antibiotic classes with distinct chemical structures - neomycin is an aminoglycoside while levofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone 1. According to the Dutch Working Party on Antibiotic Policy (SWAB) guideline, there is no strong evidence to suggest cross-reactivity between different classes of non-β-lactam antibiotics, such as aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones 1.

Key Considerations

  • Neomycin is primarily used topically for skin infections or orally for bowel preparation before surgery, while having limited systemic absorption.
  • Inform all healthcare providers about the levofloxacin allergy, as individual sensitivity varies.
  • Watch for any signs of allergic reaction when starting neomycin (rash, itching, swelling, dizziness, or breathing difficulties) and seek immediate medical attention if these occur.
  • If there is a history of multiple drug allergies or severe reactions, the doctor might consider allergy testing before prescribing neomycin to ensure safety.

Guideline Recommendations

The SWAB guideline provides recommendations for the approach to suspected antibiotic allergy, including the use of non-β-lactam antibiotics such as aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones 1. However, it does not provide specific guidance on the use of neomycin in patients with a levofloxacin allergy. Nevertheless, the guideline suggests that culprit NBLA and all other NBLA within the same class can be given in a controlled setting, but it does not address cross-reactivity between different classes of NBLA 1.

Conclusion Not Applicable - Direct Answer Only

In summary, neomycin can be used in patients with a levofloxacin allergy, but with caution and monitoring for any signs of allergic reaction. It is essential to follow the SWAB guideline recommendations and consult with a healthcare provider before using neomycin in patients with a history of antibiotic allergy 1.

From the Research

Neomycin and Levofloxacin Allergy Considerations

  • There is no direct evidence in the provided studies that discusses the use of neomycin with a levofloxacin allergy.
  • However, it is known that neomycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic, which is a different class of antibiotics compared to levofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone 2, 3, 4.
  • The provided studies focus on the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of levofloxacin in various infections, including respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, and skin and soft tissue infections 2, 3, 4.
  • They also discuss the safety considerations of fluoroquinolones, including levofloxacin, in the elderly population, highlighting the importance of adjusting doses based on renal function and being cautious with certain comorbidities 5, 6.
  • Since neomycin and levofloxacin are from different antibiotic classes, an allergy to levofloxacin may not necessarily preclude the use of neomycin, but this decision should be made on a case-by-case basis, considering the individual's specific medical history and current health status.
  • It is essential to consult with a healthcare professional to determine the best course of treatment, as they can assess the individual's situation and provide personalized guidance 2, 3, 5, 4, 6.

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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