What are the therapeutic effects of creatine (creatine monohydrate) on muscle function and potential neurologic benefits?

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Last updated: April 23, 2025View editorial policy

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From the Guidelines

Creatine monohydrate does not have established benefits for neurological conditions, and its use is not recommended without further research, as evidenced by a lack of supportive data in the literature 1. When considering the potential benefits of creatine monohydrate, it is essential to prioritize the most recent and highest quality studies. However, in the context of neurological benefits, the current evidence is limited and inconclusive. The study published in The Lancet Neurology in 2010 1 found no clear benefit of creatine in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and did not establish recommendations for its use. Some potential benefits of creatine monohydrate include:

  • Enhancing exercise performance
  • Increasing muscle strength However, these benefits are not directly related to neurological conditions, and more research is needed to fully understand the potential effects of creatine monohydrate on the brain. Key points to consider when evaluating the use of creatine monohydrate include:
  • Lack of supportive data in the literature
  • No established recommendations for use in neurological conditions
  • Potential for renal dysfunction with creatine use, particularly in individuals with pre-existing kidney issues 1. In real-life clinical practice, it is crucial to exercise caution when considering the use of creatine monohydrate, especially in the absence of strong evidence supporting its benefits for neurological conditions.

From the Research

Benefits of Creatine Monohydrate

  • Increases muscle performance in short-duration, high-intensity resistance exercises 2
  • Enhances postexercise recovery, injury prevention, rehabilitation, and exercise capacity when used with short-duration, high-intensity exercise 3
  • Increases lean muscle mass and strength gains 3, 4

Potential Neurologic Benefits

  • Has neuroprotective effects both in vitro and in vivo, protecting against excitotoxicity and β-amyloid toxicity 5
  • May provide protection against neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) 5
  • Shows promise in the treatment of a variety of neurodegenerative diseases, with ongoing clinical trials for Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease 5

Safety and Adverse Effects

  • Generally considered safe and well-tolerated in healthy individuals, with few adverse effects reported 2, 3
  • May cause transient water retention in the early stages of supplementation, and liver and renal complications when combined with other supplements or taken at higher than recommended doses for several months 2
  • No significant effects on kidney function in healthy athletes and bodybuilders with no underlying kidney diseases, but caution is advised for individuals with pre-existing kidney disease or those at risk for kidney dysfunction 6

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Research

Creatine supplementation.

Current sports medicine reports, 2013

Research

Creatine Supplementation: An Update.

Current sports medicine reports, 2021

Research

Neuroprotective effects of creatine.

Amino acids, 2011

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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