What is the latest information about Immunoglobulin D (IgD) myeloma?

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Last updated: April 24, 2025 • View editorial policy

From the Guidelines

IgD myeloma should be treated with aggressive and intensive approaches, including induction therapy with combinations like VRd or KRd, followed by autologous stem cell transplantation in eligible patients, and maintenance therapy with lenalidomide, as well as the incorporation of monoclonal antibodies like daratumumab, as recommended by recent guidelines and studies 1. The treatment of IgD myeloma is similar to other myeloma subtypes, with a focus on achieving complete remission and improving overall survival.

  • Induction therapy with VRd or KRd is recommended, followed by autologous stem cell transplantation in eligible patients.
  • Maintenance therapy with lenalidomide is also recommended post-transplant.
  • Recent advances include the incorporation of monoclonal antibodies like daratumumab and isatuximab into treatment regimens, which have shown improved outcomes 2.
  • Monitoring should include regular assessment of serum free light chains and immunofixation electrophoresis, as standard protein electrophoresis may miss IgD paraproteins due to their low concentration.
  • The prognosis for IgD myeloma has historically been poorer than other subtypes, but outcomes have improved with modern therapies and transplantation approaches.
  • The European Myeloma Network recommends updated diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for patients with rare plasma cell dyscrasias, including IgD myeloma 1.
  • Early diagnosis and intensive treatment are crucial due to the aggressive nature of IgD myeloma.
  • Studies have shown that the combination of carfilzomib, pomalidomide, and dexamethasone (KPd) or daratumumab, bortezomib, and dexamethasone (DVd) can be effective in treating relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma, including IgD myeloma 2.

From the Research

Latest Information about IgD Myeloma

There is limited information available about IgD myeloma in the provided studies. However, here are some key points related to multiple myeloma treatment:

  • The studies provided focus on the treatment of multiple myeloma with various combinations of drugs, including bortezomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone 3, 4, 5, 6, 7.
  • The addition of daratumumab to lenalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone has shown improved response rates and progression-free survival in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma 4.
  • The combination of carfilzomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone did not improve progression-free survival compared to bortezomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma 5.
  • The addition of isatuximab to bortezomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone has shown improved progression-free survival and response rates in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma who are ineligible for transplantation 6.
  • Bortezomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone as induction therapy prior to autologous transplant has shown deepening response rates over time, with a complete response rate of 33.4% after induction 7.

Key Findings

  • The treatment of multiple myeloma often involves a combination of drugs, including proteasome inhibitors and immunomodulatory agents.
  • The addition of monoclonal antibodies, such as daratumumab and isatuximab, has shown improved response rates and progression-free survival in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma.
  • The choice of treatment regimen depends on various factors, including patient eligibility for transplantation and the presence of high-risk cytogenetics.

Treatment Options

  • Bortezomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone (VRd) is a commonly used treatment regimen for multiple myeloma.
  • Daratumumab, lenalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone (D-RVd) has shown improved response rates and progression-free survival in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma.
  • Isatuximab, bortezomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone (isatuximab-VRd) has shown improved progression-free survival and response rates in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma who are ineligible for transplantation.

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.