What is the treatment for contact dermatitis caused by Toxicodendron radicans (poison ivy)?

Medical Advisory BoardAll articles are reviewed for accuracy by our Medical Advisory Board
Educational purpose only • Exercise caution as content is pending human review
Article Review Status
Submitted
Under Review
Approved

Last updated: April 24, 2025View editorial policy

Personalize

Help us tailor your experience

Which best describes you? Your choice helps us use language that's most understandable for you.

From the Guidelines

To treat poison ivy, immediately wash the affected area with soap and water to remove the plant's oil (urushiol) that causes the rash, as this can remove up to 100% of the oil if done immediately after contact 1.

Key Treatment Steps

  • Wash the affected area with soap and water as soon as possible after exposure to remove urushiol oil, with the effectiveness decreasing over time: 50% at 10 minutes, 25% at 15 minutes, and 10% at 30 minutes 1.
  • Topical corticosteroids may be recommended for symptomatic treatment, but their effectiveness, especially for over-the-counter options, is uncertain and not significantly different from control in some studies 1.
  • Cool compresses may be considered for relief of local symptoms, although the evidence is limited 1.
  • Oatmeal baths are also suggested for symptomatic relief, but like cool compresses, the evidence supporting their use is not strong 1.
  • Oral antihistamines, such as diphenhydramine or cetirizine, may help with sleep but have questionable efficacy for itching relief, with one observational study finding no statistically significant reduction in symptoms 1.

Additional Considerations

  • For severe cases, prescription steroid creams or an oral prednisone taper may be necessary, with the combination of systemic and high-potency topical corticosteroids showing potential in reducing the duration of itching 1.
  • It's crucial to avoid scratching to prevent infection and keep the rash clean and dry.
  • Medical attention should be sought if the rash covers large areas of the body, affects the face or genitals, shows signs of infection, or if fever or difficulty breathing occurs, indicating a severe allergic reaction.

From the FDA Drug Label

5 Allergic States Control of severe or incapacitating allergic conditions intractable to adequate trials of conventional treatment: Seasonal or perennial allergic rhinitis Bronchial asthma Contact dermatitis Atopic dermatitis Serum sickness Drug hypersensitivity reactions

The answer to poison ivy treatment is contact dermatitis can be treated with prednisone.

  • Key points:
    • Prednisone is indicated for the control of severe or incapacitating allergic conditions, including contact dermatitis.
    • Poison ivy is a common cause of contact dermatitis.
    • Prednisone may be used to treat poison ivy-induced contact dermatitis 2.

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

Have a follow-up question?

Our Medical A.I. is used by practicing medical doctors at top research institutions around the world. Ask any follow up question and get world-class guideline-backed answers instantly.