Differential Diagnosis for Contact Dermatitis in Pediatrics
Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Irritant Contact Dermatitis: This is the most common type of contact dermatitis in children, caused by exposure to substances like soap, detergent, or other harsh chemicals, leading to skin irritation and inflammation.
Other Likely Diagnoses
- Allergic Contact Dermatitis: An immune-mediated reaction to allergens such as nickel, latex, or certain plants, resulting in a delayed hypersensitivity reaction.
- Atopic Dermatitis (Eczema): A chronic skin condition characterized by dry, itchy, and inflamed skin, often associated with allergies and asthma.
- Seborrheic Dermatitis: A condition causing scaly patches, red skin, and stubborn dandruff, often affecting oily areas of the body.
Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Scabies: A highly contagious skin infestation by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei, causing intense itching and a pimple-like skin rash.
- Impetigo: A bacterial skin infection that can cause red sores, blisters, or crusts on the skin, often contagious and requiring antibiotic treatment.
- Cellulitis: A bacterial skin infection that can cause redness, swelling, and warmth of the skin, potentially serious if not treated promptly.
Rare Diagnoses
- Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome (SSSS): A rare but serious condition caused by staphylococcal toxins, leading to widespread skin blistering and peeling.
- Kawasaki Disease: An acute febrile illness that can cause skin rash, swelling, and desquamation, particularly in young children.
- Pityriasis Rosea: A rare skin condition characterized by a rash with a distinctive "Christmas tree" pattern, often preceded by a herald patch.