Should I hold the isosorbide dinitrate (Isoket) during ongoing PCI because I am unable to maintain adequate blood pressure despite norepinephrine and low‑dose dopamine, with a heart rate of 90‑100 bpm?

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Oo, tama ang pag-wean ng Isoket sa sitwasyong ito

Dapat i-hold o i-wean ang isosorbide dinitrate (Isoket) kapag may hypotension o hindi mo mapataas ang blood pressure sa panahon ng ongoing PCI, lalo na kung naka-vasopressor support ka na. 1, 2

Rationale para sa Pag-hold ng Isoket

Contraindications sa Hypotensive States

  • Ang nitrates ay contraindicated kapag ang systolic BP <90 mmHg o ≥30 mmHg below baseline, ayon sa American Heart Association guidelines. 1

  • Ang FDA drug label para sa isosorbide dinitrate ay nagsasabing dapat gamitin with caution sa patients na hypotensive, dahil kahit small doses ay maaaring mag-cause ng severe hypotension, lalo na with upright posture. 2

  • Ang European Society of Cardiology ay nagrerekomenda na i-reduce ang dose ng nitrates kapag systolic BP bumaba below 90-100 mmHg, at permanently discontinue kung bumaba pa lalo. 1

Hemodynamic Effects na Nakakasama sa Iyong Sitwasyon

  • Ang isosorbide dinitrate ay predominantly venodilator na nagpapababa ng preload at afterload, na pwedeng mag-exacerbate ng hypotension lalo na kung naka-vasopressor support ka na. 3, 4

  • Ang nitrate-induced hypotension ay maaaring kasama ng paradoxical bradycardia at increased angina, ayon sa FDA label, na makakapag-worsen ng hemodynamic instability. 2

  • Sa research studies during cardiopulmonary bypass, ang isosorbide dinitrate ay nagpapababa ng arterial pressure ng 17-25%, na clearly hindi mo kailangan sa current hypotensive state mo. 5, 4

Specific Management Algorithm

Immediate Actions (Ginawa mo na, tama ito):

  1. I-hold ang Isoket immediately dahil contraindicated sa hypotension 1, 2
  2. Continue vasopressor support (norepinephrine at low-dose dopamine) para ma-maintain ang adequate perfusion pressure 1
  3. Target MAP ≥60-65 mmHg o SBP ≥90 mmHg during PCI para ma-reduce ang risk ng myocardial injury 1

Reassessment After PCI:

  • Huwag i-restart ang Isoket hanggang stable na ang BP at wala nang need for vasopressor support 1
  • Kapag mag-restart, gumamit ng low-dose oral formulation (5-10 mg) at titrate slowly habang nimo-monitor ang BP 6, 7
  • Consider alternative anti-ischemic therapy tulad ng beta-blockers (kung walang contraindication) na mas stable ang hemodynamic profile 1

Common Pitfalls na Iwasan

Pitfall #1: Premature Reintroduction

  • Huwag mag-rush na i-restart ang nitrates kahit may chest pain pa, kung hindi pa stable ang BP. Gumamit muna ng alternative anti-ischemic agents. 1

Pitfall #2: Ignoring HR Response

  • Ang HR mo na 90-100 bpm ay upper normal range, pero bantayan kung tataas pa with nitrate withdrawal, dahil pwedeng sign ng rebound sympathetic activation. 2

Pitfall #3: Concurrent Vasodilator Use

  • Mag-ingat sa ibang vasodilators (ACE inhibitors, calcium channel blockers) na pwedeng additive ang hypotensive effect kapag mag-restart ng Isoket. 1, 2

Long-term Considerations Post-PCI

  • Ang guidelines ay nagrerekomenda ng beta-blockers as first-line anti-ischemic therapy within 24 hours post-PCI kung walang contraindication, rather than nitrates. 1

  • Kung kailangan talaga ng nitrates for chronic use, gumamit ng dosing regimen na may at least 10-14 hour nitrate-free interval para iwasan ang tolerance. 6, 7

  • Ang isosorbide dinitrate ay may proven mortality benefit lang sa heart failure patients (lalo na African Americans) when combined with hydralazine, hindi primarily for post-PCI angina management. 8

Sa summary: Tama ang ginawa mo na i-wean ang Isoket dahil sa hypotension during PCI. Ang priority mo ay hemodynamic stability with vasopressor support, at i-restart lang ang nitrates kapag stable na ang BP at wala nang vasopressor requirement.

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Guideline

Dinitrate de Isosorbida para Angina Pectoris

Praxis Medical Insights: Practical Summaries of Clinical Guidelines, 2025

Guideline

Isosorbide Dinitrate Management for Angina Pectoris

Praxis Medical Insights: Practical Summaries of Clinical Guidelines, 2025

Guideline

Nitrate Formulations for Heart Failure Management

Praxis Medical Insights: Practical Summaries of Clinical Guidelines, 2026

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Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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