Difference Between a Diplomate and a Fellow Physician
A "Diplomate" is a physician who has successfully passed board certification examinations administered by a specialty board (such as the American Board of Medical Genetics and Genomics or American Board of Thoracic Surgery), while a "Fellow" refers to a physician currently undergoing specialized training in a fellowship program or, alternatively, a member of a professional medical society.
Key Distinctions
Diplomate Status
- Represents achieved certification: A diplomate has completed all required training and successfully passed rigorous board certification examinations in their specialty 1.
- Indicates specialized competence: The diplomate designation signifies that a physician has demonstrated specialized knowledge and competency in their field through formal assessment 1.
- Requires ongoing maintenance: Diplomates must typically enroll in Continuing Certification Programs (formerly Maintenance of Certification) to maintain their board certification status 1.
- Examples include: Diplomates of the American Board of Medical Genetics and Genomics, American Board of Thoracic Surgery, or American Board of Pediatric Dentistry 1.
Fellow Status
Two distinct meanings exist: The term "fellow" has dual usage in medicine that can cause confusion 1.
Meaning 1 - Trainee: A physician currently in a fellowship training program (post-residency specialized training). During this period, the trainee learns advanced skills under supervision of board-certified faculty 1.
Meaning 2 - Society membership: A member of a professional medical organization (e.g., Fellow of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics). This designation indicates membership status, not certification level 1.
Practical Implications
For Diplomates
- Can practice independently in their specialty area with full board certification 1.
- May serve as expert witnesses in legal proceedings within their scope of practice, provided they maintain current certification 1.
- Must maintain licensure and participate in continuing education to retain diplomate status 1.
For Fellows (Trainees)
- Still in supervised training: Fellows work under the guidance of board-certified diplomates and faculty 1.
- Cannot yet sit for boards: Must complete all fellowship requirements before becoming eligible for board certification examinations 1.
- Typically require 2-3 years of fellowship training depending on the specialty before becoming board-eligible 1.
Common Pitfall to Avoid
Do not assume "Fellow" always means board-certified: When you see "Fellow" after a physician's name (e.g., FACMG - Fellow of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics), this indicates professional society membership, not necessarily board certification 1. Always look for the diplomate designation or explicit board certification status to confirm a physician has passed their specialty boards.