Differential Diagnosis for Burning Rash on Face and Bilateral Ears
Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Contact Dermatitis: This is a common condition that occurs when the skin comes into contact with an irritant or allergen, leading to a burning rash. The face and ears are common areas for contact dermatitis due to exposure to various products such as soaps, cosmetics, or jewelry.
Other Likely Diagnoses
- Seborrheic Dermatitis: Characterized by a red, itchy, and flaky rash, seborrheic dermatitis often affects the face, including the ears. It can cause a burning sensation and is more common in areas with a high concentration of sebaceous glands.
- Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis): Eczema can cause a burning rash and is often seen on the face and ears, especially in individuals with a history of allergies or asthma.
- Psoriasis: Although less common on the face, psoriasis can cause a burning, scaly rash on the ears and face, particularly in areas of trauma or injury (Koebner phenomenon).
Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Lupus Erythematosus: A butterfly-shaped rash across the cheeks and nose, potentially involving the ears, can be a sign of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), an autoimmune disease that can have serious systemic implications if not diagnosed and treated.
- Dermatomyositis: This autoimmune condition can cause a rash on the face, including the ears, and is associated with muscle weakness. Early diagnosis is crucial due to its potential to signify an underlying malignancy.
- Erythema Multiforme: A skin condition characterized by target lesions, which can appear on the face and ears, often in response to infections or medications. It can be a sign of a more serious condition, such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome, if it involves mucous membranes.
Rare Diagnoses
- Pemphigus: A group of autoimmune diseases that cause blistering of the skin and mucous membranes. Although rare, pemphigus can present with lesions on the face and ears and has significant morbidity if not treated.
- Sarcoidosis: A condition that can cause skin lesions, including on the face and ears, along with systemic symptoms. It is rare but important to consider due to its potential for serious systemic involvement.
- Relapsing Polychondritis: An autoimmune disorder that can cause inflammation of cartilage, including the ears, leading to a burning sensation and rash. It's a rare condition but can have significant implications for the patient's quality of life and requires early diagnosis and treatment.