From the Research
Femoral hernias are more likely to occur in women, with a female to male ratio of 4:1, and are a rare condition, accounting for less than 5% of all abdominal wall hernias 1.
Causes and Risk Factors
They occur when tissue protrudes through a weakness in the femoral canal, located just below the inguinal ligament in the groin area. These hernias typically develop due to increased abdominal pressure from:
- Pregnancy
- Obesity
- Chronic coughing
- Straining during bowel movements
- Heavy lifting
Symptoms
Symptoms include:
- A small, sometimes painful lump in the groin or upper thigh that may disappear when lying down and reappear when standing or straining
- Many femoral hernias are asymptomatic until they become incarcerated (trapped) or strangulated (blood supply cut off), which presents as:
- Severe pain
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- A firm, tender lump
Treatment and Outcomes
Surgical repair is the recommended treatment, typically using either an open approach or laparoscopic technique, with mesh reinforcement to prevent recurrence 2. A recent study found that laparoscopic repair of femoral hernias is a safe and effective option, with advantages including a shorter hospital stay, lower postoperative pain score, and quicker return to normal activities 2. Women experiencing any groin bulge or pain should seek medical evaluation promptly, as early intervention can prevent serious complications, such as strangulation, which can lead to bowel resection and other severe outcomes 3, 4, 5.