From the Guidelines
For elderly women concerned about eye health, the best vitamins include lutein and zeaxanthin, as evidenced by the Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS2) 1. The AREDS2 study, a prospective, multicenter, randomized clinical trial of 4000 participants, assessed the effects of oral supplementation of high doses of macular xanthophylls (lutein and zeaxanthin) and/or omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids for the treatment of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and cataract 1. Key findings from the study suggest that:
- Lutein (10mg daily) and zeaxanthin (2mg daily) are particularly beneficial carotenoids that concentrate in the macula and help filter harmful blue light.
- Omega-3 fatty acids (1000mg of DHA/EPA daily) support retinal health and may reduce dry eye symptoms. The AREDS2 formula, available as a supplement, combines these nutrients in appropriate doses specifically designed for age-related macular degeneration risk reduction 1. These nutrients work by protecting eye tissues from oxidative damage, supporting blood vessel health in the retina, and maintaining proper cellular function in the eye. For best results, take these supplements with food to improve absorption, especially the fat-soluble vitamins. While supplements are helpful, consuming foods rich in these nutrients—like leafy greens, colorful vegetables, fish, and nuts—provides additional benefits and should complement supplementation for optimal eye health. It is essential to note that the AREDS2 study did not find significant benefits of beta-carotene, and therefore, it is not recommended as part of the supplement regimen for elderly women concerned about eye health 1.
From the Research
Vitamins for Eye Health in Elderly Women
The following vitamins and nutrients have been identified as beneficial for eye health in elderly women:
- Vitamin C: antioxidant properties that help protect the eyes from damage 2, 3, 4
- Vitamin E: antioxidant properties that help protect the eyes from damage 2, 3, 4
- Lutein and zeaxanthin: carotenoids that are important components in the retina and have been shown to reduce the risk of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) 2, 5, 3, 6
- Omega-3 fatty acids (eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid): anti-inflammatory properties that may help reduce the risk of AMD and dry eye syndrome 5, 3, 4
- Zinc: essential mineral that plays a crucial role in the health of the retina 2, 3
Benefits of These Vitamins and Nutrients
The benefits of these vitamins and nutrients for eye health in elderly women include:
- Reducing the risk of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) 2, 5, 3, 6
- Reducing the risk of dry eye syndrome 3, 4
- Protecting the eyes from damage caused by oxidation and inflammation 2, 3, 4
- Improving overall eye health and reducing the risk of age-related eye diseases 3, 4
Important Considerations
It is essential to note that while these vitamins and nutrients may be beneficial for eye health, they should not be used as a replacement for medical treatment. Elderly women should consult with their healthcare provider before taking any supplements, especially if they have a history of smoking or are at risk for lung cancer 5, 6.