From the Research
The prevalence of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) in New Zealand is estimated to be around 1.3% to 1.7% of the population, according to the most recent and highest quality study available 1. This estimate is based on a study that modeled the national prevalence of FASD using self-reported data on any alcohol use during pregnancy and risk estimates from a meta-analysis of case-ascertainment or clinic-based studies in seven other countries. The study found that the prevalence of FASD in the general population was 1.7% (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.0%; 2.7%) in the 2012/2013 year, and 1.3% (95% CI 0.9%; 1.9%) in the 2018/2019 year. The prevalence was significantly higher among Māori compared to other ethnic groups, with estimates ranging from 1.7% to 6.3% in the sensitivity analysis 1. It is essential to note that these estimates are likely underestimates due to challenges in diagnosis, including limited diagnostic capacity and inconsistent assessment protocols. Understanding the prevalence of FASD is crucial for developing appropriate public health responses, including prevention strategies, early intervention programs, and support services for affected individuals and families. The condition results from prenatal alcohol exposure causing permanent brain damage and neurodevelopmental impairments, making it a significant public health concern in New Zealand. Some studies have suggested that the prevalence of FASD may be higher in certain regions and among specific populations, but these estimates are based on limited research and require further confirmation 2, 3. Overall, the available evidence suggests that FASD is a significant public health issue in New Zealand, and further research is needed to determine the true prevalence and develop effective prevention and intervention strategies.