What are the effects of apple cider vinegar?

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Last updated: April 25, 2025View editorial policy

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From the Research

Apple cider vinegar should be consumed with caution and in moderation, typically 1-2 tablespoons diluted in water daily, due to its potential to cause erosive tooth wear and other adverse effects, as evidenced by a recent study published in 2021 1. The potential health benefits of apple cider vinegar include:

  • Blood sugar management by improving insulin sensitivity
  • Modest weight loss by increasing feelings of fullness
  • Digestive health by supporting good bacteria However, it is essential to consider the potential risks and side effects, such as:
  • Erosive tooth wear, as shown in a study where participants who consumed vinegar daily had an 18% increase in tooth wear over an 8-week period 1
  • Damage to tooth enamel and irritation of the throat and digestive tract if consumed undiluted
  • Potential interactions with certain medications, such as those that affect potassium levels
  • Cytotoxicity, as observed in a study where apple cider vinegar exhibited toxicity even at concentrations as low as 0.7% 2 It is crucial to consult a healthcare provider before regular use, especially for individuals with certain health conditions, such as gastroparesis, or those taking medications that may interact with apple cider vinegar. The therapeutic importance of acid-base balance should also be considered, as apple cider vinegar can affect the body's acid-base balance, and its use may be beneficial in certain contexts, such as supporting metabolic processes, but more research is needed to fully understand its effects 3. Overall, while apple cider vinegar may have potential health benefits, its use should be approached with caution, and individuals should be aware of the potential risks and side effects, as well as the need for further research to fully understand its effects on human health 4.

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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