From the Research
Plantar blisters are primarily caused by repetitive shear deformation, which is influenced by motion of bone, high friction force, and repetition of the resulting shear events, as highlighted in the most recent study 1. The causes of plantar blisters can be broken down into several key factors, including:
- Friction and pressure on the feet, which can be exacerbated by ill-fitting shoes, excessive walking or running, and high-intensity activities
- Moisture from sweating, which can soften the skin and increase friction
- Foot abnormalities, such as bunions or hammertoes, which can create pressure points
- Improper foot mechanics, such as overpronation or supination, which can increase friction and pressure on the skin
- Inadequate sock material, which can fail to wick away moisture and increase friction According to the study published in 2024 1, the traditional blister causation paradigm revolving around heat, moisture, and friction is limited, and a new explanation focusing on repetitive shear deformation is more accurate. Other studies, such as the one published in 2016 2, also support the idea that shear forces within the epidermis causing cell necrosis are a key factor in the development of blisters. In terms of prevention, wearing properly fitted shoes with adequate cushioning, moisture-wicking socks, and applying lubricants or powders to reduce friction can help prevent plantar blisters, as suggested by the study published in 2020 3. Additionally, gradually breaking in new footwear, removing calluses, and using low shear modulus insoles can also help reduce the risk of blisters, as outlined in the study published in 2016 2. Overall, understanding the causes of plantar blisters and taking preventative measures can help address the underlying issues and prevent recurrence of painful plantar blisters.