What is the differential diagnosis for otalgia following fireworks exposure?

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Differential Diagnosis for Ear Pain after Firework

  • Single most likely diagnosis
    • Acoustic Trauma: This is the most likely diagnosis due to the loud noise from the firework, which can cause damage to the eardrum or the middle ear bones, leading to ear pain.
  • Other Likely diagnoses
    • Earwax impaction or rupture of the eardrum from the blast: The intense sound wave from the firework can dislodge earwax, causing impaction, or even rupture the eardrum.
    • Middle ear infection: The shockwave from the firework can also introduce bacteria into the middle ear, leading to an infection.
    • Otalgia from Eustachian tube dysfunction: The pressure change from the blast can cause Eustachian tube dysfunction, leading to ear pain.
  • Do Not Miss (ddxs that may not be likely, but would be deadly if missed.)
    • Perforated eardrum with cerebrospinal fluid leak: Although rare, a perforated eardrum from the blast can lead to a cerebrospinal fluid leak, which can be life-threatening if not treated promptly.
    • Temporal bone fracture: A severe blast can cause a temporal bone fracture, which can lead to serious complications, including facial paralysis, hearing loss, and meningitis.
  • Rare diagnoses
    • Cochlear hydrops: The intense sound wave can cause an imbalance of fluid in the inner ear, leading to cochlear hydrops, a condition that can cause vertigo, hearing loss, and ear fullness.
    • Patulous Eustachian tube: The pressure change from the blast can cause the Eustachian tube to remain open, leading to a patulous Eustachian tube, which can cause ear fullness, hearing loss, and autophony.

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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