Can tranexamic acid (TXA) stop a gastrointestinal bleed?

Medical Advisory BoardAll articles are reviewed for accuracy by our Medical Advisory Board
Educational purpose only • Exercise caution as content is pending human review
Article Review Status
Submitted
Under Review
Approved

Last updated: February 16, 2025View editorial policy

Personalize

Help us tailor your experience

Which best describes you? Your choice helps us use language that's most understandable for you.

From the Guidelines

Tranexamic acid (TXA) is not recommended as a standard treatment to stop a gastrointestinal bleed.

Key Points

  • The use of TXA in acute gastrointestinal bleeding is not supported by high-quality evidence 1.
  • A study by the British Society of Gastroenterology suggests that TXA may have a benefit in acute GI bleeding, but this benefit was no longer apparent when the analysis was limited to trials at low risk of bias 1.
  • The European Society of Intensive Care Medicine suggests not using high-dose IV TXA in critically ill patients with gastrointestinal bleeding, citing high certainty evidence 1.
  • The optimal dosing regimen for TXA in gastrointestinal bleeding is uncertain, and its use is confined to clinical trials pending further evidence 1.
  • In clinical practice, the use of TXA for gastrointestinal bleeding should be approached with caution, considering the lack of strong evidence supporting its effectiveness and the potential risks of thromboembolic events 1.

From the Research

Tranexamic Acid (TXA) and Gastrointestinal Bleeding

  • TXA is not effective in reducing bleeding in upper and lower gastrointestinal bleeding, as stated in the study 2.
  • The study 2 also mentions that some trials reported an increased rate of thrombotic complications with the use of TXA for gastrointestinal bleeding.
  • Another study 3 notes that further studies are warranted for the use of TXA in gastrointestinal bleeding, indicating a lack of conclusive evidence for its effectiveness in this area.

TXA Efficacy in Other Bleeding Conditions

  • TXA has been shown to reduce bleeding in various surgical procedures, such as orthopedic surgery, cardiac surgery, and obstetric surgery, as well as in patients with menorrhagia and trauma patients with bleeding 2, 3, 4.
  • TXA has also been found to reduce mortality in patients suffering from trauma and postpartum hemorrhage 2, 3.

Safety and Administration of TXA

  • The optimal dose and timing of TXA administration are still being researched, and high doses of TXA have been associated with adverse effects such as seizures 2, 4.
  • TXA is generally well tolerated, but its administration needs to be standardized to minimize risks and ensure safety 4.

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

Have a follow-up question?

Our Medical A.I. is used by practicing medical doctors at top research institutions around the world. Ask any follow up question and get world-class guideline-backed answers instantly.