From the Guidelines
Rehabilitation Methods for Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
Common rehabilitation methods for mild TBI include early information and advice, graded physical exercise, vestibular rehabilitation, manual treatment of neck and spine, oculomotor vision treatment, psychological treatment, and interdisciplinary coordinated rehabilitative treatment. These methods are based on a systematic review and meta-analysis of nonpharmacological interventions for persistent postconcussion symptoms in adults 1.
- Early information and advice is recommended, with a focus on tailoring information to individual patient needs and providing it over a longer period of time 1.
- Graded physical exercise is also recommended, as part of interdisciplinary rehabilitation programs, to improve physical functioning and manage autonomic instability or physical deconditioning 1.
- Vestibular rehabilitation is recommended for patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo or unilateral peripheral vestibular dysfunction, and may be combined with oculomotor rehabilitation 1.
- Manual treatment of the neck and back, such as mobilization and/or manipulation, may be beneficial for managing pain and returning to sport, although the evidence is limited 1.
- Oculomotor vision treatment is recommended based on consensus, although the evidence is low-quality and limited 1.
- Psychological treatment is recommended for managing mental health disorders and other psychological symptoms, with a range of interventions available 1.
- Interdisciplinary coordinated rehabilitative treatment is also recommended, as it can provide a comprehensive and individualized approach to managing persistent postconcussion symptoms 1.
From the Research
Rehabilitation Methods for Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
Rehabilitation methods for mild TBI can vary, but common approaches include:
- Cognitive rehabilitation: aimed at improving cognitive function, such as attention, memory, and processing speed 2
- Vocational rehabilitation: focused on returning to work and maintaining stable employment 3
- Physical activity interventions: including aerobic and resistance exercises, aimed at improving physical function and managing symptoms 4, 5
- Vestibular rehabilitation: targeted at addressing balance and vestibular system injuries, often provided by physical therapists 5
- Progressive return to activity: a gradual approach to increasing physical and cognitive activity, with guidance for rehabilitation providers 6
Key Components of Rehabilitation Programs
Rehabilitation programs for mild TBI may include:
- Individual or group-based interventions 4
- Home programs and education 4, 5
- Cognitive training and compensatory strategies 3, 2
- Physical therapy and exercise programs 4, 5
- Gradual return to activity, with monitoring of symptoms and adjustment of intensity 5, 6
Goals of Rehabilitation
The primary goals of rehabilitation for mild TBI include: