From the Research
People undergoing IVF should abstain from sexual intercourse for a period after embryo transfer to minimize the risk of uterine contractions and potential disruption of the implantation process, as supported by the most recent and highest quality study available 1. The primary concern with sexual intercourse after embryo transfer is the potential for uterine contractions, which could theoretically interfere with the implantation of the embryo. Additionally, the cervix may be sensitive after the transfer procedure, and intercourse could introduce infection. Women undergoing IVF often take progesterone supplements to support the uterine lining, and intercourse might disrupt these medications if administered vaginally. Some key points to consider include:
- Uterine contractions can be detrimental to implantation, as shown in a study where high-frequency uterine contractions at the time of embryo transfer influenced IVF outcome adversely 2.
- The frequency of uterine contractions immediately after embryo transfer seems to be a significant predictor of IVF outcome, and higher frequencies may reduce live birth rates 3.
- Progesterone administration, often used in IVF protocols, can decrease uterine contraction frequency, potentially improving implantation chances 4.
- A case report highlights the risk of life-threatening complications, such as heterotopic pregnancy, if sexual intercourse occurs shortly before embryo transfer, especially in the context of assisted reproductive technology 1. Given the potential risks and the precautionary principle, abstaining from sexual intercourse for a period after embryo transfer is recommended to prioritize the success of the IVF procedure and the health of the patient. However, the specific duration of abstinence may vary based on individual circumstances and should be guided by a healthcare provider's instructions.