What is the most likely explanation for this patient's current condition, considering options such as autoimmune injury to basal ganglia, bilirubin-induced neurotoxicity, MECP2 (Methyl-CpG-binding protein 2) gene mutation, physiologic chorea of infancy, or trinucleotide repeat expansion on chromosome 4p?

Medical Advisory BoardAll articles are reviewed for accuracy by our Medical Advisory Board
Article Review Status
Submitted
Under Review
Approved

Last updated: April 28, 2025 • View editorial policy

Differential Diagnosis

  • Single most likely diagnosis: + E. Trinucleotide repeat expansion on chromosome 4p: This is the most likely diagnosis, as it is associated with Huntington's disease, which is characterized by chorea, a condition that affects movement. The trinucleotide repeat expansion on chromosome 4p is a specific genetic mutation that leads to this disease.
  • Other Likely diagnoses: + A. Autoimmune injury to basal ganglia: This could be a possible diagnosis, as autoimmune disorders can affect the basal ganglia, leading to movement disorders. However, it is less likely than the trinucleotide repeat expansion. + B. Bilirubin-induced neurotoxicity: This is a possible diagnosis, especially in infants with high bilirubin levels, which can cause kernicterus and lead to movement disorders.
  • Do Not Miss (ddxs that may not be likely, but would be deadly if missed.): + B. Bilirubin-induced neurotoxicity: Although it may not be the most likely diagnosis, bilirubin-induced neurotoxicity can be deadly if missed, especially in infants. Prompt treatment is necessary to prevent long-term damage.
  • Rare diagnoses: + C. MECP2 gene mutation: This is a rare diagnosis, associated with Rett syndrome, which is a genetic disorder that affects brain development and is characterized by intellectual disability and movement disorders. + D. Physiologic chorea of infancy: This is a rare and benign condition that affects infants, characterized by involuntary movements. It is usually self-limiting and resolves on its own.

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.