What is the use of Metamucil (psyllium)

From the Guidelines

Metamucil, a fiber supplement containing psyllium husk, is a recommended treatment for chronic idiopathic constipation, particularly for individuals with low dietary fiber intake, as it has been shown to be effective in relieving constipation and promoting digestive health 1.

Key Considerations

• The standard adult dosage of Metamucil is 1 tablespoon mixed in 8 ounces of water 1-3 times daily, though it's best to start with one dose and gradually increase to avoid bloating or gas.
• Always take Metamucil with plenty of water to prevent choking or intestinal blockage.
• The supplement works by absorbing water in the intestines, forming a gel-like substance that softens stool and makes it easier to pass.
• Beyond constipation relief, Metamucil may help lower cholesterol levels, regulate blood sugar, and promote feelings of fullness for weight management.

Important Precautions

• People with certain gastrointestinal conditions should consult a healthcare provider before use.
• Those taking medications should separate Metamucil intake by at least two hours to avoid interference with medication absorption.
• Adequate hydration should be encouraged with the use of fiber, as flatulence is a commonly observed side effect.

Evidence-Based Recommendations

• According to the American Gastroenterological Association-American College of Gastroenterology clinical practice guideline, fiber supplementation, particularly with psyllium, is a recommended treatment for chronic idiopathic constipation 1.
• The guideline suggests that fiber supplements can be used as first-line therapy for CIC, particularly for individuals with low dietary fiber intake.
• Psyllium appears to be the most effective fiber supplement, with limited and uncertain data on bran and inulin.

From the FDA Drug Label

PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL MetaMUCIL PSYLLIUM FIBER SUPPLEMENT THERAPY FOR REGULARITY on-the-go! 30 packets 4-in-1 FIBER HELPS SUPPORT: Appetite Control* Heart Health by Lowering Cholesterol† Healthy Blood Sugar Levels* Digestive Health The Metamucil drug label does not provide information about its use, dosage, or specific health benefits that are supported by the FDA.

• The label states that these statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration 2. The FDA drug label does not answer the question.

From the Research

Metamucil Overview

• Metamucil is a fiber supplement that contains psyllium, a type of soluble fiber that can help promote digestive health and support healthy blood sugar levels 3, 4, 5, 6.
• Psyllium is a gel-forming fiber that can help lower cholesterol levels and improve glycemic control 5, 6.

Health Benefits

• Fiber supplementation, including psyllium, has been shown to be effective in improving chronic constipation in adults, with significant effects on stool frequency, consistency, and quality of life 3.
• Psyllium has been found to have a hypocholesterolemic effect, reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol levels 5.
• Psyllium fiber has also been shown to improve glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, with significant reductions in fasting blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin levels 6.

Mechanisms of Action

• The physical effects of fiber in the small intestine drive metabolic health effects, such as cholesterol lowering and improved glycemic control, with viscosity of gel-forming fibers playing a key role 4.
• In the large intestine, fiber can provide a laxative effect by resisting fermentation and increasing water content to soften and bulk stool 4.

Dosage and Treatment Duration

• A higher response to fiber treatment was apparent with higher fiber doses (>10 g/d) and longer treatment durations (≥4 weeks) 3.
• Psyllium doses of >10 g/d have been found to be effective in improving constipation and glycemic control 3, 6.