From the Research
Yes, cannabis is concentrated in breast milk, with THC detectable in the milk of women who reported cannabis use during lactation, and its metabolites can accumulate in higher concentrations with ongoing consumption. When a mother uses cannabis, the active compounds like THC can pass into her breast milk and may remain there for up to six days after use, with concentrations potentially higher in breast milk than in the mother's bloodstream 1. This occurs because THC is fat-soluble and breast milk contains high levels of fat. Infants who consume this milk may be exposed to these compounds, which could potentially affect their developing brain and nervous system.
Key Findings
- THC was detected in the milk of women who reported cannabis use during lactation, with a median concentration of 22 ng/mL 1.
- The presence of cannabinoids, along with altered lactose and SIgA levels in the milk of cannabis users, may have implications for infant health 1.
- Metabolites of cannabis are found in breast milk and can accumulate in higher concentrations with ongoing consumption, which is concerning for potential exposure among infants born to mothers who consume cannabis 1.
Clinical Implications
- Major medical organizations recommend that breastfeeding mothers avoid using cannabis products 2.
- If a mother does use cannabis and is breastfeeding, she should discuss this with her healthcare provider to understand the potential risks and consider alternatives 2.
- The long-term effects of cannabis exposure through breast milk are still being studied, but caution is advised given the importance of early brain development in infants 3.