From the Guidelines
Thyroid ophthalmopathy, also known as thyroid eye disease (TED), is a condition that requires careful management to prevent vision loss and other complications, and patients with suspected TED should be referred to an orbital specialist if they experience vision-threatening disease, moderate to severe exophthalmos, and/or significant orbital pain related to TED 1. When managing thyroid eye disease, it is crucial to counsel the patient on the diagnosis and treatment options, as well as carefully monitor patients at risk for vision loss secondary to compressive optic neuropathy due to crowding at the orbital apex or severe exposure keratopathy from eyelid retraction with or without exophthalmos 1. Some key aspects of managing TED include:
- Managing binocular diplopia, compensatory head posture, and sometimes associated elevation in intraocular pressure (IOP)
- Informing the patient’s other health care providers about the diagnosis and working collaboratively on the treatment plan It is essential to prioritize the patient's vision and overall health when managing TED, and referral to an orbital specialist is critical in cases of vision-threatening disease or significant symptoms 1.
From the Research
Thysis in the Eye
There is no direct information available on "thysis" in the eye. However, we can look at related conditions that affect the eye and vision.
Possible Related Conditions
- Uveitis: A condition that can cause vision loss and is characterized by inflammation of the uvea, the middle layer of the eye 2, 3.
- Retinal Detachment: A condition where the retina separates from the back of the eye, causing vision loss 4, 3.
- Vision Loss: A common condition that affects millions of Americans and can be caused by various factors, including acute angle-closure glaucoma, retinal detachment, retinal artery occlusion, giant cell arteritis, and optic neuritis 4.
Causes and Symptoms
- Uveitis: Can be caused by systemic medications such as dabrafenib and trametinib, and can present with symptoms such as severe acute panuveitis, vitritis, and multiple serous retinal detachments 2.
- Retinal Detachment: Can present with a curtain-like visual field defect and usually requires surgical intervention 4.
- Vision Loss: Can be caused by various conditions, including non-anterior uveitis, vitreous opacities, retinal detachment, cystoid macular edema, macular scarring, macular hole, optic neuropathy, or macular ischemia 3.
Treatment and Management
- Uveitis: Treatment with corticosteroids and discontinuation of therapy with dabrafenib and trametinib can lead to anatomical and functional improvement 2.
- Retinal Detachment: Usually requires surgical intervention 4.
- Vision Loss: Treatment and management depend on the underlying cause, but can include oral prednisolone, second-line agents, and regular follow-up with an ophthalmologist 3.