What is the half-life of Pepcid (Famotidine)?

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From the Guidelines

The half-life of Pepcid (famotidine) is approximately 2.5 to 3.5 hours in adults with normal kidney function. This information is crucial for understanding how often the medication needs to be taken to maintain its therapeutic effects. For patients with impaired kidney function, the half-life can be significantly longer, sometimes extending to 20 hours in those with severe renal impairment, as the kidneys are the primary route of elimination for this medication 1. Pepcid is an H2 receptor antagonist that works by reducing stomach acid production, with effects lasting about 10-12 hours despite its shorter half-life.

Key Points About Pepcid

  • The medication reaches peak blood concentration within 1-3 hours after taking an oral dose.
  • Understanding Pepcid's half-life helps explain why consistent dosing is important for maintaining therapeutic effects, especially for those using it for ongoing acid suppression therapy.
  • Pepcid is typically dosed once or twice daily for conditions like heartburn, acid reflux, or peptic ulcers.
  • The half-life and dosing frequency are important considerations for managing conditions that require ongoing acid suppression.

Comparison with Other Acid Suppressants

While the provided evidence does not directly compare the half-life of Pepcid with other medications like proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) or potassium-competitive acid blockers (P-CABs) in the context of this specific question, it's worth noting that P-CABs have a longer half-life, ranging from 5 to 7 hours, which could influence dosing strategies for acid-related disorders 1. However, the focus here remains on Pepcid (famotidine), an H2 receptor antagonist, and its pharmacokinetic properties.

Clinical Implications

The half-life of a medication is a critical factor in determining dosing intervals to ensure that therapeutic drug levels are maintained throughout the day. For Pepcid, its half-life of approximately 2.5 to 3.5 hours in adults with normal kidney function supports its use as a once or twice daily medication for the management of conditions like heartburn, acid reflux, and peptic ulcers. This dosing strategy helps in minimizing symptoms while also considering the potential for renal impairment to affect drug clearance.

From the FDA Drug Label

Famotidine has an elimination half-life of 2.5-3.5 hours. The half-life of Pepcid (famotidine) is 2.5-3.5 hours 2.

From the Research

Half Life of Pepcid (Famotidine)

  • The half-life of Pepcid (Famotidine) is approximately 2.8 hours in healthy subjects 3.
  • The elimination half-life of Famotidine ranges from 2 to 4 hours after intravenous administration 4.
  • In patients with reflux oesophagitis, the half-life of Famotidine was found to be 3.8 hours 5.
  • The half-life of Famotidine is prolonged nonlinearly in patients with decreased renal function 3.

Factors Affecting Half Life

  • Renal function: The half-life of Famotidine is prolonged in patients with decreased renal function 3.
  • Age: The clearance of Famotidine is reduced in elderly patients, which may affect its half-life 4.
  • Liver function: Liver cirrhosis does not appear to affect the disposition of Famotidine unless severe renal insufficiency coexists 4.

Pharmacokinetics

  • Famotidine is eliminated primarily through the kidneys (about 70%) 3.
  • The total body and renal clearances of Famotidine correlate significantly with creatinine clearance 4.
  • The oral bioavailability of Famotidine ranges from 40 to 50% due to incomplete absorption 4.

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Research

Clinical pharmacology of famotidine: a summary.

Journal of clinical gastroenterology, 1987

Research

Clinical pharmacokinetics of famotidine.

Clinical pharmacokinetics, 1991

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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