What is the cause of a tender breast lump (breast nodule)?

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Differential Diagnosis for a Tender Lump on the Breast

Single Most Likely Diagnosis

  • Breast Cyst: A breast cyst is a fluid-filled sac within the breast. It's a common condition that can cause a tender lump, especially if the cyst becomes large or ruptures. The tenderness often fluctuates with the menstrual cycle.

Other Likely Diagnoses

  • Fibrocystic Changes: These are benign breast conditions characterized by lumpy or rope-like breast tissue. They can cause tender lumps and are very common in women of reproductive age.
  • Breast Abscess: An abscess is a collection of pus that can form in the breast tissue, often as a result of an infection. It presents as a tender, swollen lump and may be accompanied by fever and redness.
  • Mastitis: This is an inflammation of the breast tissue, which can be infectious or non-infectious. It causes a tender, swollen area of the breast and can be accompanied by fever.

Do Not Miss Diagnoses

  • Breast Cancer: Although less likely to present as a tender lump (as most breast cancers are initially painless), inflammatory breast cancer can cause a tender, swollen breast. It's crucial to consider this diagnosis to ensure timely treatment if present.
  • Infected Breast Implant: If the patient has breast implants, an infection around the implant can cause a tender lump and other symptoms like fever and redness.

Rare Diagnoses

  • Fat Necrosis: This is a rare condition where the fatty tissue in the breast becomes damaged, often due to trauma, surgery, or radiation. It can cause a tender lump that might be mistaken for a tumor.
  • Granulomatous Mastitis: A rare inflammatory condition of the breast characterized by granulomatous inflammation. It can cause tender lumps and may mimic breast cancer or infection.
  • Phyllodes Tumor: Although most are benign, phyllodes tumors can be malignant. They are rare and can present as a rapidly growing, tender lump in the breast.

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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