What is the differential diagnosis for irregular menstrual bleeding occurring every 2 months, also known as oligomenorrhea (infrequent menstruation)?

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Differential Diagnosis for Menstrual Bleeding Every 2 Months

Single Most Likely Diagnosis

  • Anovulatory cycles: This is the most likely diagnosis, as irregular menstrual cycles are common in women with anovulatory cycles, where the body does not release an egg. This can be due to various factors such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), thyroid disorders, or stress.

Other Likely Diagnoses

  • Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): PCOS is a hormonal disorder that can cause irregular menstrual cycles, including bleeding every 2 months. It is often associated with other symptoms such as acne, hirsutism, and weight gain.
  • Thyroid disorders: Hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism can disrupt menstrual cycles, leading to irregular bleeding.
  • Pituitary tumors: Non-cancerous tumors in the pituitary gland can affect hormone production, leading to irregular menstrual cycles.
  • Uterine fibroids: These non-cancerous growths in the uterus can cause heavy or irregular menstrual bleeding.

Do Not Miss Diagnoses

  • Endometrial cancer: Although rare, endometrial cancer can cause irregular menstrual bleeding, including bleeding every 2 months. It is essential to rule out this diagnosis, especially in women over 35 years old.
  • Uterine cancer: Like endometrial cancer, uterine cancer can cause irregular menstrual bleeding and should not be missed.
  • Bleeding disorders: Conditions such as von Willebrand disease or platelet function disorders can cause heavy or irregular menstrual bleeding.

Rare Diagnoses

  • Asherman's syndrome: A rare condition where scar tissue forms in the uterus, leading to irregular menstrual bleeding.
  • Adenomyosis: A rare condition where tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows into the uterine walls, causing heavy or irregular menstrual bleeding.
  • Genetic disorders: Certain genetic disorders, such as Turner syndrome or androgen insensitivity syndrome, can affect menstrual cycles and cause irregular bleeding.

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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