Differential Diagnosis for Hypertension in a 52-year-old Female with DM and Knee Osteoarthritis
- Single most likely diagnosis
- C. NSAIDs induced HTN: The patient has been using NSAIDs to relieve pain from knee osteoarthritis. NSAIDs are known to cause hypertension by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis, leading to vasoconstriction and sodium retention, which can increase blood pressure.
- Other Likely diagnoses
- A. Essential HTN: This is the most common form of hypertension and can be associated with various factors including age, family history, and comorbid conditions like diabetes mellitus.
- D. Primary hyperaldosteronism: Although less common, primary hyperaldosteronism can cause hypertension and hypokalemia (low potassium levels), which aligns with the patient's borderline low potassium levels.
- Do Not Miss (ddxs that may not be likely, but would be deadly if missed.)
- B. Phaeochromocytoma: Although rare, phaeochromocytoma is a life-threatening condition that can cause episodic or sustained hypertension. It is crucial to consider this diagnosis to avoid missing a potentially fatal condition.
- Rare diagnoses
- Other rare causes of hypertension, such as Cushing's syndrome, hyperthyroidism, or renal artery stenosis, could also be considered but are less likely given the patient's presentation and history. However, they should not be entirely ruled out without further evaluation if initial diagnoses are not confirmed or if the patient's condition does not respond to treatment.