Differential Diagnosis for Hypertension in a 52-year-old Female with DM and Knee Osteoarthritis
- Single most likely diagnosis
- C. NSAIDs induced HTN: The patient has been using NSAIDs to relieve her pain, which is a known cause of hypertension due to its effect on renal function and fluid balance. The use of NSAIDs can lead to sodium and water retention, increasing blood pressure.
- Other Likely diagnoses
- A. Essential HTN: This is the most common form of hypertension and can be exacerbated by factors such as diabetes mellitus and age. Although it's a common condition, the recent development of hypertension in this case might be more directly related to the NSAID use.
- D. Primary hyperaldosteronism: The patient's low borderline potassium level (hypokalemia) could suggest primary hyperaldosteronism, a condition characterized by excessive aldosterone production leading to hypertension and hypokalemia.
- Do Not Miss (ddxs that may not be likely, but would be deadly if missed.)
- B. Phaeochromocytoma: Although rare, phaeochromocytoma is a critical diagnosis to consider because it can cause severe, episodic hypertension and can be life-threatening if not treated promptly. However, it would typically present with additional symptoms such as palpitations, sweating, and headaches.
- Rare diagnoses
- Other rare causes of hypertension, such as Cushing's syndrome, thyroid disorders, or renal artery stenosis, could also be considered but are less likely given the information provided. These conditions often have distinctive clinical features that are not mentioned in the scenario.