Differential Diagnosis for an 80yo M with Hematuria and Acute Anemia
Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Bladder Cancer: Given the patient's age and symptoms of hematuria and acute anemia, bladder cancer is a highly plausible diagnosis. Hematuria is a common presenting symptom of bladder cancer, and the acute anemia could be due to significant blood loss.
Other Likely Diagnoses
- Prostate Cancer: Prostate cancer can cause hematuria and anemia, especially in older men. The cancer can invade the bladder or urethra, leading to bleeding.
- Kidney Stones: Kidney stones can cause severe pain, hematuria, and potentially lead to anemia if the bleeding is significant.
- Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH): BPH can cause urinary retention, which may lead to hematuria and potentially anemia if there is significant bleeding.
Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Retroperitoneal Hemorrhage: Although less common, a retroperitoneal hemorrhage can cause severe anemia and hematuria. This condition requires prompt diagnosis and treatment to prevent severe consequences.
- Aortic Aneurysm: An aortic aneurysm can rupture and cause severe bleeding, leading to anemia and potentially hematuria if the bleeding tracks into the urinary system.
- Sepsis: Sepsis can cause acute anemia and potentially hematuria, especially if there is a urinary tract infection. Sepsis is a life-threatening condition that requires immediate diagnosis and treatment.
Rare Diagnoses
- Goodpasture Syndrome: This is a rare autoimmune disease that can cause hematuria and anemia due to kidney and lung damage.
- Alport Syndrome: A rare genetic disorder that affects the kidneys and can cause hematuria and anemia.
- Sickle Cell Disease: Although more common in younger individuals, sickle cell disease can cause hematuria and anemia due to sickling of red blood cells in the kidneys.