From the Research
Infraspinatus Pain Test
The test for infraspinatus pain is not directly stated in the provided studies. However, some studies mention tests that can be used to diagnose rotator cuff tears or subacromial impingement, which may be related to infraspinatus pain.
- The Jobe test is mentioned in 1 as having the best pooled sensitivity for diagnosing posterosuperior rotator cuff tears.
- The external rotation lag sign is also mentioned in 1 as a test that can be used to diagnose posterosuperior rotator cuff tears.
- The Neer test, Hawkins-Kennedy test, and painful arc abduction test are mentioned in 1 and 2 as tests that can be used to diagnose subacromial impingement.
- The empty can test is mentioned in 2 as a test that can be used to diagnose subacromial impingement.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Tests
The diagnostic accuracy of these tests varies, with some tests having higher sensitivity and specificity than others.
- The Jobe test has a pooled sensitivity of 0.77, according to 1.
- The external rotation resistance test has a positive likelihood ratio of 4.39, according to 2.
- The painful arc test has a positive likelihood ratio of 2.25, according to 2.
Combination of Tests
Using a combination of tests may be more effective in diagnosing infraspinatus pain or related conditions.
- 2 suggests that using a combination of three or more positive tests out of five can confirm the diagnosis of subacromial impingement.
- 1 suggests that clinicians should consider various combinations of patient characteristics and clinical tests to confirm diagnosis and select the appropriate treatment option.